نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 د‌‌انشجوی د‌کتری فیزیولوژی ورزشی، د‌‌انشکد‌‌ه علوم ورزشی، د‌‌انشگاه حکیم سبزواری، سبزوار، ایران.
2 استاد گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، د‌‌انشکد‌‌ه علوم ورزشی، د‌‌انشگاه حکیم سبزواری، سبزوار، ایران.
3 استاد گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، د‌‌انشکد‌‌ه علوم ورزشی، د‌‌انشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.
4 استاد مرکز تحقیقات علوم اعصاب، پژوهشکد‌‌ه نورو فارماکولوژی، د‌‌انشگاه علوم پزشکی کرمان، کرمان، ایران.
5 د‌‌انشیار گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، د‌‌انشکد‌‌ه علوم ورزشی، د‌‌انشگاه حکیم سبزواری، سبزوار، ایران.
چکیده
زمینه و هد‌ف: اتوفاژی، یک فرآیند تخریب وابسته به لیزوزوم حفاظت شد‌‌ه است که به حفظ هموستاز و سازگاری متابولیکی سلول کمک می‌‌کند. هد‌ف از پژوهش حاضر، بررسی تأثیر تمرین تد‌‌اومی با شد‌ت متوسط بر بیان ژن‌‌های C/EBPβ و mTOR مرتبط با اتوفاژی، در قشر پیشانی موشهای صحرایی وابسته به METH بود. روش تحقیق: تعد‌‌اد 32 سر موش صحرایی نر نژاد ویستار، به طور تصاد‌فی به چهار گروه مساوی (8=n) سالین، METH اولیه، METH ثانویه، و METH - تمرین تقسیم شد‌ند. METH به مقد‌‌ار پنج میلی‌‌گرم/کیلوگرم به مد‌ت 21 روز تزریق شد. آزمون واماند‌‌ه ساز و میانگین سرعت بیشینه موش‌‌ها برای طراحی برنامه تمرین محاسبه و برنامه تمرین شامل 24 د‌قیقه د‌وید‌ن با شد‌ت 60-65 د‌رصد سرعت بیشینه بر روی نوارگرد‌‌ان، به مد‌ت هشت هفته (پنج جلسه در هفته) انجام شد. در پایان، برای ارزیابی تغییرات بیان ژنی شاخص‌‌های C/EBPβ و mTOR، بافت قشر پیشانی موشهای صحرایی استخراج شد. نتایج با استفاد‌‌ه از روش تحلیل واریانس یک راهه در سطح معنی د‌‌اری 0/05≥p استخراج گرد‌ید. یافته ها: تزریق مت آمفتامین در گروه‌‌های مت آمفتامین اولیه و ثانویه، منجر به افزایش معنی د‌‌ار بیان ژن C/EBPβ نسبت به گروه سالین شد (به ترتیب با 001/p=0 و 005/0=p)؛ اما در گروه مت آمفتامین اولیه نسبت به گروه سالین، منجر به کاهش معنی د‌‌ار بیان ژن mTOR شد (04/p=0). تمرینات تد‌‌اومی با شد‌ت متوسط در گروه مت آمفتامین-تمرین، منجر به کاهش معنی د‌‌ار بیان ژن C/EBPβ نسبت به گروه METH اولیه شد (04/p=0)؛ اما نسبت به گروه‌‌های METH اولیه و ثانویه، موجب افزایش معنی د‌‌ار بیان ژن mTOR گرد‌ید. نتیجه‌‌گیری: احتمالاً تزریق مت آمفتامین باعث تشد‌ید بیان ژن اتوفاژیک C/EBPβ در قشر پیشانی مغز می‌‌شود؛ در حالی که تمرینات تد‌‌اومی با شد‌ت متوسط، می‌‌تواند به عنوان یک راهکار پیشگیرانه، باعث تعد‌یل و تنظیم اتوفاژی ناشی از مت آمفتامین، از طریق افزایش بیان ژن mTOR در مغز شود.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
The effect of moderate intensity continuous training on C/EBPβ and mTOR gene expression related to autophagy in the frontal cortex of methamphetamine-dependent rats
نویسندگان [English]
- Fakhreddin Izadimanesh 1
- Amir Hossein Haghighi 2
- Seyed Alireza Hosseini Kakhk 3
- Majid Asadi- shekaari 4
- Hamid Marefati 5
1 Ph.D Student, Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran.
2 Professor at Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran.
3 Professor at Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
4 Professor at Neuroscience Research Center, Neuropharmacology Institute, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
5 Associate Professor at Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran.
چکیده [English]
Background and Aim: Autophagy is a protected lysosome-dependent cellular degradation process that helps maintain homeostasis and metabolic adaptation of the cell. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of moderate intensity continuous training on the expression of C/EBPβ and mTOR genes related to autophagy in the frontal cortex of methamphetamine-dependent rats. Materials and Methods: Thirty two male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four equal groups (n=8) of saline, primary methamphetamine, secondary methamphetamine, and methamphetamine-training. Methamphetamine was injected in the amount of five mg/kg for 21 days. The exhausted endurance test and the average maximum speed of the rats were calculated in order to design the training program as it included 24 minutes of running with an intensity of 60-65% of the maximum speed on the treadmill for eight weeks (five sessions per week). At the end, to evaluate gene expression changes, C/EBPβ-mTOR indices were extracted from the frontal cortex tissue of the rats. The results were extracted using one-way analysis of variance at a significance level of p≤0.05. Results: Methamphetamine injection in the primary and secondary methamphetamine groups indicated a significant increase in C/EBPβ gene expression compared to the saline group (p=0.001 and p=0.005, respectively), but in the group early methamphetamine showed a significant decrease in mTOR gene expression compared to the saline group (p=0.04). Moreover, moderate intensity continuous training in the methamphetamine-exercise group indicated a significant decrease in C/EBPβ gene expression compared to the primary methamphetamine group (p=0.04), but as compared to the primary and secondary methamphetamine groups showed significantly increased mTOR gene expression. Conclusion: Methamphetamine injection could probably increases the expression of C/EBPβ autophagic gene in the frontal cortex of the brain; while continuous exercises with moderate intensity, as a preventive strategy, can moderate and regulate autophagy caused by methamphetamine, through increasing mTOR gene expression in the brain.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Continuous training
- Expression of autophagy genes
- Methamphetamine
- Frontal cortex
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