نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه علوم ورزشی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه شهید مدنی آذربایجان، تبریز، ایران.
2 استادیار گروه علوم ورزشی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه شهید مدنی آذربایجان، تبریز، ایران
چکیده
زمینه و هدف: تلومرها نقش مهمی در فرآیند پیری به عهده دارند. استرس روانی مزمن و سطوح کورتیزول بالا، به تلومر آسیب می‌رسانند. مکانیزم اثر تمرین‌های جسمی- ذهنی در تغییر سطح آنزیم تلومراز به عنوان محافظ تلومر، ناشناخته است. لذا هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی اثر تمرینات هاتایوگا بر تلومراز، کورتیزول و استرس در زنان میان‌‌سال می‌‌باشد. روش تحقیق: در یک کارآزمایی نیمه تجربی، 24 نفر از زنان میان‌‌سال با میزان استرس درک شده بالا (27<PSS) به طور هدفمند و در دسترس انتخاب و به طور تصادفی در دو گروه تمرین (12 نفر) و کنترل (12 نفر) قرار گرفتند. آزمودنی‌های گروه تمرین به مدت هشت هفته، با تکرار دو جلسه در هفته و هر جلسه 60 تا 90 دقیقه در تمرینات هاتایوگا شرکت کردند. چهل و هشت ساعت قبل و بعد از مداخله، سطوح سرمی کورتیزول و تلومراز به روش الایزا و سطح استرس به کمک پرسشنامه استرس ادارک شده کوهن اندازه‌گیری شدند. داده‌‌ها با آزمون‌های تحلیل کوواریانس و رگرسیون خطی در سطح معنیداری 0/05>p مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفتند. یافته ها: در گروه تمرین در مقایسه با گروه کنترل، سطح سرمی آنزیم تلومراز به طور معنیداری افزایش و کورتیزول و میزان استرس به صورت معنیداری کاهش یافتند (0/001=p). ارتباط معنی‌‌دار منفی بین سطوح پیش آزمون کورتیزول و تلومراز در هر دو گروه تمرین (0/02=p) و کنترل (0/001=p) و همچنین بین تغییرات ناشی از هاتایوگا در گروه تمرین مشاهده شد (0/003=p)؛ ضمن آن که 56 درصد از تغییرات تلومراز بر‌اساس تغییرات کورتیزول قابل پیش‌بینی بود. نتیجه‌گیری: تمرین جسمی-ذهنی هاتایوگا با افزایش سطوح سرمی تلومراز و از طریق مکانیزم کاهش هورمون کورتیزول، می‌‌تواند روشی مناسب در جهت کاهش فرآیند پیری ناشی از استرس روانی در زنان میان‌‌سال با سطح استرس بالا باشد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
The effectiveness of physical-mental hatha yoga exercises on telomerase, cortisol and stress in middle-aged women
نویسندگان [English]
- Leila Alimohammadpour Koshki 1
- Azam Zarneshan 2
- Roghaieh Fakhrpour 2
1 MSc Student, Department of Sport sciences, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Sport Sciences, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
چکیده [English]
Background and Aim: Telomeres play an important role during aging process. Chronic psychological stress and high cortisol levels could damage the telomere. The effect and mechanism of physical-mental exercise on changing the level of telomerase enzyme as a telomere protector is unknown. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of hatha yoga exercises on telomerase, cortisol and stress in middle-aged women. Materials and Methods: During this quasi-experimental trial, 24 middle-aged women with high perceived stress scale (PSS>27) were purposefully and accessibly selected and randomly divided into two groups including exercise (n=12) and control (n=12). The exercise group participated in hatha yoga exercises for eight weeks, two sessions per week for 60-90 minutes each session. Forty-eight hours before and after the training protocol, blood cortisol and telomerase levels were measured by ELISA and stress levels were measured using the Cohen perceived stress scale. Data were analyzed using analysis of covariance and linear regression tests at a significance level of p<0.05. Results: Serum levels of telomerase enzyme significantly increased and cortisol and stress were significantly decreased (p= 0.001) in the exercise group compared to the control group. A significant negative correlation also was observed between baseline cortisol and telomerase levels in both exercise (p=0.02) and control (p=0.001) groups, as well as a significant negative correlation at changes due to hatha yoga exercise was observed in the exercise group (p=0.003); Moreover, 56% of telomerase changes based on cortisol changes were predictable. Conclusion: Hatha yoga physical-mental exercise can be a good method to reduce the aging process caused by psychological stress in middle-aged women who have high levels of stress, by increasing serum telomerase levels via the cortisol reduction mechanism.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Stress
- Yoga
- Cortisol
- Telomerase
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