نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناس ارشد فیزیولوژی ورزش، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد رشت، رشت، ایران.

2 استاد دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران.

چکیده

زمینه و هدف: با وجود اهمیت آمادگی جسمانی مطلوب برای افراد نظامی و انتظامی، نشان داده شده است که چاقی و افزایش وزن در نیروهای نظامی و انتظامی رو به گسترش است. هدف کلی پژوهش حاضر، بررسی آثار تمرین هوازی و بی تمرینی بر شاخص مقاومت به انسولین، نیمرخ لیپیدی و ترکیب بدنی مردان دارای اضافه وزن نیروی انتظامی بود. روش تحقیق: تعداد 40 نفر از مردان نیروی انتظامی دارای اضافه وزن با میانگین سنی6/3±29/8 سال،  قد 6±175/5 سانتی متر، وزن 6/2±87/42 کیلوگرم و شاخص توده بدن 4/4±28/55؛ به صورت هدفمند در تحقیق شرکت کردند و به طور تصادفی به دو گروه 20 نفری شامل گروه تمرینات هوازی و یک گروه شاهد تقسیم گردیدند. برنامه تمرینی هوازی مشتمل بر دویدن مداوم با روند ثابت به مدت 8 هفته، سه جلسه در هفته، با شدت 65 تا 75 درصد حداکثر ضربان قلب، به مدت 20 دقیقه در هر جلسه و افزایش یک دقیقه ای به زمان تمرین در هر جلسه؛ اجرا شد. پس از انجام پروتکل تمرینات هوازی توسط گروه تجربی و آزمون گیری برای بار دوم، آزمودنی ها به مدت 6 هفته در شرایط بی تمرینی قرار گرفتند. بعد از 6 هفته بی تمرینی، تمامی آزمون ها تکرار شدند. برای مطالعه اثر درون گروهی و بین گروهی، از آزمون آنالیز واریانس با اندازه گیری مکرر و آزمون تعقیبی توکی در سطح 0/05≥p استفاده شد. یافته ها: اجرای 8 هفته تمرین هوازی موجب کاهش معنی دار مقاومت به انسولین (0/003=p)، درصد چربی (0/001=p)، شاخص توده بدن (0/004=p)، و بهبودی نیمرخ لیپیدی (0/05>p) شد؛ اما پس از 6 هفته بی تمرینی، تمامی سازگاری های ایجاد شده حالت اولیه قبل از تمرین برگشت. نتیجه گیری: تمرین هوازی مداوم و منظم می تواند در بهبود عوامل خطرزای قلبی – عروقی در نیروهای انتظامی موثر باشد، در حالی که با بی تمرینی، این آثار مثبت از بین می رود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of aerobic training and detraining on body composition, lipid profile and insulin resistance in over weight policemen

نویسندگان [English]

  • Abbas Pour Haydari 1
  • Farhad Rahmani Nia 2

1 MSc in Exercise Physiology, Islamic Azad University, Rasht Branch, Rasht, Iran.

2 Full Professor, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Background and Aim: Despite the importance of good physical fitness among military personnel, it is shown that obesity and over weight in the police and armed forces increased in recent years. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of aerobic training and detraining on body composition, lipid profile and insulin resistance in over weight policeman. Materials and Methods: A sample of 40 healthy Guilan policeman with a mean age of 29.8±6.3 y, weight: 87.42±6.2 kg, height 175.5±6 cm and BMI: 28.55±4.4 kg/m2 volunteered for this study. The subjects were divided into two groups including aerobic and control goups. Aerobic exercise program performed for 8 weeks, three days per week, with 65-75 maximal heart rate for 20-minutes in every session. Before and after performing of aerobic exercise program all variables (body composition, insulin, glucose and lipid profile) were measured. After the aerobic training protocol and testing for the second time, the subjects were prohibited from every exercise for 6 weeks. All measurements repeated again after 6 weeks of detraining and the data were collected. For extraction of the results it is applied the repeated measure of analysis of variance and Tukey post hoc tests. Results: Performing of 8 weeks of aerobic exercise induced significant improvement in the insulin resistance (p=0.003), fat percentage (p=0.001), body mass index (p=0.004) and lipid profile improvement (p<0.05); while all adaptations returned to the baseline after 6 weeks of detraining. Conclusion: Regular aerobic exercise can improvement cardiovascular risk factors in military personnel; however these positive effects will be attenuated if considered detraining.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Aerobic training
  • Detraining
  • Insulin resistance
  • Lipid profile
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