نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 استاد، گروه آموزشی بیومکانیک ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران.
2 کارشناسی ارشد بیومکانیک ورزشی، گروه آموزشی بیومکانیک ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران.
چکیده
زمینه و هدف: هدف این پژوهش مقایسه شدت فعالیت عضلات کمربند شان های هنگام بالا بردن اندام فوقانی در سطوح حرکتی فرونتال و اسکپشن با سرعت و بارهای مختلف بود. روش تحقیق: تعداد 16 زن 28-20 ساله مورد مطالعه قرار گرفتند. با استفاده از دستگاه الکترومایوگرافی سطحی فعالیت عضلات دلتوئید (قدامی، میانی و خلفی)، فوقخاری، همچنین ذوزنقه (فوقانی، میانی و تحتانی) هنگام الویشن 90 درجه اندام فوقانی در دو سطح فرونتال و اسکپشن ثبت شد. وظایف حرکتی در شرایط سرعت آهسته و تند که با و بدون یک بار (معادل 5% جرم بدن) تکرار شدند. از آنالیز واریانس با اندازه گیری های تکراری در سطح معنی داری 0/05>p برای تحلیل آماری استفاده شد.
یافته ها: در شرایط تعامل عوامل عضله، سرعت، بار و صفحه حرکتی اثر معنی دار بود (0/06=p). سطوح فعالیت عضلات دلتوئید (قدامی، میانی و خلفی)، فوقخاری و ذوزنقه (فوقانی، میانی و تحتانی) در صفحه فرونتال به ترتیب %53، %68، 73%، %55، 58%، %33 و %51 بود. این ارزشها برای الویشن شانه در صفحه اسکپشن %43، %73، %96، %67، %69، %43 و %62 بود. در مجموع فعالیت عضلات در سطح فرونتال حدود 16/0 برابر بیشتر از سطح اسکپشن بود (0/0001=p). میانگین کل شدت فعالیت عضلات با افزایش سرعت 11/0 برابر بیشتر از حرکت آهسته بود (0/0001=p) و همچنین در حرکت با بار فعالیت عضلات حدود 52/1 برابر بیشتر از شرایط بدون بار بود (0/0001=p). نتیجه گیری: الگوی فعالیت عضلات الویشن شانه در سطح فرونتال به وسیله فعالیت بیشتر در سطح فرونتال، متفاوت از سطح اسکپشن است. در بالا بردن، اندام فوقانی عضله دلتوئید خلفی فعالیت بیشتری از دیگر بخشهای دلتوئید نشان داد. عضلات ذوزنقه میانی و دلتوئید قدامی کمترین فعالیت را در بالا بردن اندام فوقانی داشتند. افزایش سرعت و بار، اثر بیشتری بر عضله دلتوئید خلفی نسبت به دیگر عضلات داشتند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Electrical activity of shoulder muscles during abductionof Upper Extremity atScaption and Frontal Planes with Different Speeds and Loads
نویسندگان [English]
- Nader Farahpour 1
- Soghra Abbasi 2
1 Professor, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Bu Ali Sina university, Hamedan, Iran.
2 M.Sc. Faculty of Sport Sciences, Bu Ali Sina university, Hamedan, Iran.
چکیده [English]
Background and Aim: The objective of this study was to compare the shoulder muscle activation during upper arm elevation in scaption and frontal planes under different speed and loading conditions. Materials and Methods: Sixteen females (20-28 years old) were studied. A surface EMG system (MA300-16) was used to record the activity of shoulder muscles including anterior, medial, and posterior deltoid, supraspinatus as well as the upper, middle, and lower trapezius muscles during upper arm elevation in scaption and frontal planes. Tasks were repeated in slow and fast speed with and without load (5% of body mass). Under SPSS-22 environment, repeated measure ANOVA was used for statistics analysis with the significance level of pResults: In condition intraction between muscle, speed, load, plane motion factors was not effect significant (P=0.06). The activation levels of anterior, medial, and posterior deltoid, supraspinatus, upper, middle, and lower trapezius muscles in frontal plane were %53, %68, %73 ,%55, %58, %33, and %51 respectively. These values for shoulder elevation in scaption plane were %43, %73, %96, %67, %69, %43 and %62 respectively. In total, the muscle activity in frontal plane was 0.16 times more than that in scaption plane (P=0.0001). The total mean of muscle activitiesin fast motionswas about 0.11% higher than that in slower speed motions (P=0.0001). Also, with load, the muscle activity was 1.52 times more than that in without load condition (P=0.0001). Conclusion: The muscle activity pattern of the arm elevation in frontal plane is different from that in scaption plane by means of higher activation in the frontal plane. In upper limb elevation, posterior deltoid muscle displayed higher activity than the other deltoid portions. Middle trapezious and anterior deltoid muscles had the least activity in upper arm elevation. Increasing the speed and load affected the activity of the posterior deltoid more than the other muscles.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Frontal
- Scaption
- Electromyography
- Shoulder joint
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