نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشیار گروه علوم ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران.
2 کارشناس ارشد علوم ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران.
3 استاد گروه علوم ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران.
چکیده
زمینه و هدف: امروزه یکی از مهم‌ترین دغدغه‌های مربیان علاوه بر نوع تمرین مناسب جهت بهبود عملکرد ورزشی، تمرین روی انواع سطوح تمرینی است که در تیم‌های ورزشی به ندرت مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. هدف از مطالعه حاضر، بررسی اثر شش هفته تمرین اختصاصی والیبال روی سطوح مختلف (بتن، کف‌پوش و ماسه) بر برخی عوامل منتخب آمادگی جسمانی در پسران والیبالیست بود. روش تحقیق: سی و شش پسر والیبالیست (میانگین سنی، 82/0±11/16 سال) هدفمند انتخاب شده و به صورت تصادفی در سه گروه تمرینی شامل تمرین روی سطح بتنی؛ تمرین روی سطح کف‌پوش؛ و تمرین روی سطح ماسه تقسیم شدند. برنامه آزمون عملکردی تلاش تکراری (پرش و زمان واقعی، زمان و پرش ایده‌آل) با چهار بار تکرار و استراحت بین تکرارها با سرعت حرکت بازیکنان طی چهار تا هشت ثانیه بود. تمامی آزمون‌ها قبل و بعد از برنامه تمرینی اجرا شدند. آزمون تحلیل واریانس یک راهه و آزمون تعقیبی توکی در سطح معنیداری 05/0 ≥p مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. یافته‌ها: توان بی‌هوازی، توان انفجاری (رکورد پرش) و کاهش زمان در آزمون عملکردی تکراری در گروهای تمرین روی ماسه و کف‌پوش، نسبت به گروه تمرین روی بتن، افزایش یافت. میزان چابکی و تعادل پویا در گروه تمرین روی سطح ماسه و کف‌پوش نسبت به گروه تمرینی روی سطح بتن، به ترتیب کاهش و افزایش معنیداری داشت. ضمن آن که تعادل پویا در گروه تمرین ماسه نسبت به گروه تمرین کف‌پوش، افزایش بیشتری داشت. نتیجه‌گیری: تمرینات اختصاصی والیبال روی سطوح ماسه نسبت به سطوح دیگر، با افزایش اضافه‌بار تمرین باعث ایجاد سازگاری‌های عصبی - عضلانی و در نهایت، بهبود عملکرد آمادگی جسمانی بازیکنان والیبال می شود. بر این اساس، مربیان می‌توانند از سطوح ماسه برای به حداکثر رساندن مزایای تمرین و جلوگیری از آسیب و درد بازیکنان استفاده کنند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Comparison of the effect of specific volleyball exercises on different training surfaces on some selected factors of physical fitness in volleyball boys
نویسندگان [English]
- Saeed Ilbeigi 1
- Alireza Morshedi 2
- Marziyeh Saghebjoo 3
- Mahdieh Abdullahzade 2
1 1. Associate Professor of Depertment of Sport Sciences, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran.
2 MSc in Sport Sciences, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran.
3 Professor of Department of Sport Sciences, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran.
چکیده [English]
Background and Aim: Today, training on various training surfaces is one of the most important concerns of coaches for improving sports performance, which has rarely been considered in sport teams. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of six-week of specific volleyball training on ground surfaces (concrete, floor and sand) on some selected factors of physical fitness in volleyball male players. Materials and Methods: Thirty-six male volleyball players (average age, 16.11±0.82 years) were purposefully selected and randomly divided into three training groups including training on concrete, floor, and sand surfaces. The repeated effort performance test (jump and real-time, time and ideal jump) with four repetitions and rest between repetitions at players’ movement speed between 4 to 8 seconds was used. All tests were performed before and after the training programs. One-way analysis of variance and Tukey’s tests were used at the significance level of p≤0.05. Results: Anaerobic power, explosive power (Jumping record) and time reduction in the repeated performance test significantly increased in the both sand and flooring groups compared to the concrete group. Moreover, agility and dynamic balance in the sand and flooring group had a significant decrease and increase, respectively, as compared to the concrete group. Additionally, dynamic balance showed more increased in the sand group than in the floor group. Conclusion: Specific volleyball exercises on sand compared to other surfaces by increasing training overload caused neuro-muscular adaptations and finally improved sports performance and physical fitness of volleyball players. Accordingly, coaches can use sand surfaces to maximize the benefits of training and prevent injury and pain to players.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Different training surfaces
- Anaerobic power
- Explosive power
- Agility
- Balance
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