نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 پژوهشگر پسادکتری صندوق حمایت از پژوهشگران و فناوران کشور و دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران.
2 استاد گروه بیومکانیک ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران.
چکیده
زمینه و هدف: والیبال از ورزش‌های متداول و جذاب در بین جوامع مختلف است. برای تدوین برنامه‌های استعدادیابی بمنظور کشف و پرورش استعدادها و تعیین سهم شاخص‌های مختلف استعدادیابی در این رشته ورزشی، نیاز به انجام مطالعات توسعه‌‌ای است. هدف این مطالعه مقایسه متغیرهای آنتروپومتریکی، فیزیولوژیکی، روانشناختی و مهارتی والیبالیست‌های نخبه با افراد غیر نخبه در پست های مختلف بازی بود. روش تحقیق: تعداد 250 والیبالیست نوجوان نخبه و همین تعداد بازیکن غیر نخبه پسر در پستهای دفاع وسط، پاسور، لیبرو، دریافت‌کننده قدرتی و دفاع وسط؛ به‌صورت در دسترس انتخاب و در این مطالعه شرکت کردند. شاخص‌های آنتروپومتریک، قابلیت‌های فیزیولوژیک، ویژگی‌‌های روان شناختی و توانایی‌های مهارتی شرکت کنندگان، با روش‌‌های میدانی و آزمایشاهی مورد اندازه گیری قرار گرفت. برای تحلیل داده ها و استخراج نتایج، از روش های آماری تحلیل واریانس یک راهه و کروسکال-والیس استفاده گردید. یافته‌‌ها: نتایج نشان داد توان هوازی و بی‌هوازی، قد، شاخص قد نشسته، طول دست‌باز، شاخص نسبی ساق، متغیرهای روان شناختی (انگیزش، اعتمادبه‌نفس، هدف‌گذاری، تنش، افسردگی، خشم، سرزندگی، خستگی، سردرگمی)، مهارت سرویس، پاس و اسپک گروه والیبالیست نخبه به‌طور معنی‌داری بهتر از گروه غیر نخبه بود(05/0>p). با این حال، متغیرهای شاخص توده بدن، طول دست باز، قد نشسته و شاخص نسبی ساعد؛ بین بازیکنان پستهای مختلف والیبال تفاوت معنی داری نداشت (05/0<p). نتیجه‌گیری: با توجه به نتایج مطالعه حاضر، برای استعدادیابی ورزشی علمی در کنار متغیرهای آنتروپومتریکی و فیزیولوژیکی، متغیرهای روان شناختی و مهارتی نیز باید جهت شناخت استعداد مدنظر قرار گیرند. جهت استعدادیابی پستهای مختلف والیبال پیشنهاد می‌‌شود از متغیرهای آنتروپومتریکی که نسبت به سایر متغیرها تفاوت بیشتری داشتند، استفاده شود.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Identifying the important factors in talent identification through the comparison of anthropometric, physiological, psychological and skill variables of elite and non-elite volleyball players.
نویسندگان [English]
- Behrouz Hajilou 1
- Mehrdad Anbarian 2
1 Post-doctoral researcher of the Foundation for Supporting Researchers and Technologists and Bu Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran.
2 Professor at Department of Sport Biomechanics, Facility of Sport Sciences, Bu Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran.
چکیده [English]
Background and Aim: Volleyball is one of the most popular and attractive sports among different societies, and developing talent programs to discover and nurture talents and determine the contribution of different talent indicators in this sport, a development and research is needed. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to compare the anthropometric, physiological, psychological, and skill variables of elite volleyball players with different positions and non-elite volleyball players. Materials and Methods: 250 elite youth volleyball players and the same number of non-elite male players in the positions of middle defense, passer, libero, power receiver and middle defense while they were selected as available and participated in this study. Anthropometric indices, physiological capabilities, psychological characteristics and skill abilities of the participants were measured by field and experimental methods. For statistical analysis, one-way analysis of variance and Kruskal-Wallis statistical methods were used. Result: The results showed that the aerobic and anaerobic power, height, sitting height index, arm span, leg cororal, psychological variables (motivation, self-confidence, goal setting, tension, depression, anger, vitality, fatigue, confusion), service, pass and spike skill of the elite volleyball group were significantly higher than the non-elite group (p<0.05). On the other hand, body mass index, sitting height, arm span, and forearm brachial index, did not show any significant differences between players of different volleyball positions (p>0.05). Conclusion: According to the results of the present study, for scientific sports talent identification, besides anthropometric and physiological variables, psychological and skill variables should also be considered to identify talent. It is suggested to use anthropometric variables that were more different than others to find talent for different volleyball positions.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Volleyball
- Sport talent identification
- Elite
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