نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری فیزیولوژی ورزشی، گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران.
2 استاد فیزیولوژی ورزشی، گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران.
3 استاد فیزیولوژی ورزشی، گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران.
چکیده
زمینه و هدف: تمرین مقاومتی (RT) نقش مهمی در افزایش حجم و قدرت عضلانی دارد. تحقیق حاضر با هدف مقایسه اثر تمرین مقاومتی حجم آلمانی تعدیل شده (MGVRT)، تمرین مقاومتی شدید (HIRT) و تمرین مقاومتی غیرخطی (NLRT) بر سطوح سرمی میوستاتین (Mstn)، فولیستاتین (FLS) و عامل هسته‌ای کاپا B (NF-κB) و حجم و قدرت عضلانی در مردان ورزشکار انجام شد. روش تحقیق: تعداد 40 مرد جوان رشته بدنسازی به‌طور تصادفی در گروههای مساوی شامل MGVRT، HIRT، NLRT و کنترل قرار گرفتند. پروتکل‌های تمرینی به‌مدت هشت هفته (سه جلسه در هفته) انجام شدند. متغیرهای بیوشیمیایی منتخب و حجم و قدرت عضلانی، قبل و 48 ساعت پس از آخرین جلسه تمرین اندازه‌گیری شد. آزمون‌های تحلیل کوواریانس، تحلیل واریانس با اندازه‌گیری تکراری، کروسکال-والیس و یو من- ویتنی جهت تحلیل‌های آماری در سطح معنی‌داری 05/0 ≥p مورد استفاده قرار گرفتند. یافته‌ها: سطوح سرمی Mstn و FLS در هر سه گروه تجربی در مقایسه با گروه کنترل به‌ترتیب کاهش و افزایش معنی‌داری یافت. هم‌چنین، سطح NF-κB در گروههای MGVRT وHIRT به‌طور معنی‌داری از گروه NLRT و کنترل پایین‌تر بود. علاوه بر این، محیط بازو و ران و قدرت عضلانی در حرکات پرس سینه و اسکوات در هر سه گروه تجربی در مقایسه با گروه کنترل، به‌طور معنی‌داری افزایش یافت؛ به‌گونه‌ای که افزایش محیط بازو در گروه MGVRT در مقایسه با گروههای HIRT و NLRT و قدرت عضلانی در گروه HIRT در مقایسه با گروههای MGVRT و NLRT؛ به‌طور معنی‌داری بیشتر بود. نتیجه‌گیری: هر سه پروتکل RT به بهبود شاخص‌های بیوشیمیایی، آنتروپومتریکی و عملکردی در مردان ورزشکار منجر شد، اما پروتکل‌های MGVRT و HIRT به ترتیب افزایش بیشتری در هایپرتروفی و حداکثر قدرت عضلانی در پی داشت. با این وجود به مطالعات بیشتر در زمینه ارتباط پروتکل‌های RT، با حجم و قدرت عضلانی و شاخص‌های بیوشیمیایی مرتبط با آن‌ها، مورد نیاز است.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Comparison of effect of modified German volume, high-intensity, and non-linear resistance training on some biochemical, anthropometric, and functional indices related to muscle strength in male athletes
نویسندگان [English]
- Amir Mohtashami 1
- Marziyeh Saghebjoo 2
- Farhad Rahmani-nia 3
1 . Ph.D. Student of Exercise Physiology, Department of Exercise Physiology, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran
2 Professor of Exercise Physiology, Department of Exercise Physiology, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran
3 Professor of Exercise Physiology, Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
چکیده [English]
Background and Aim: Resistance training (RT) plays a major role in developing muscle mass and strength. This study aimed to compare the effect of eight weeks of modified German volume resistance training (MGVRT), high-intensity resistance training (HIRT), and non-linear resistance training (NLRT) on the serum levels of myostatin (Mstn), follistatin (FLS), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), and muscle mass and strength in male athletes. Materials and Methods: Forty young men bodybuilders were randomly assigned into equal groups, including MGVRT, HIRT, NLRT, and control. Training protocols were performed for eight weeks (three times a week). Selected biochemical variables, muscle mass, and strength were measured before and 48 hours after the last training session. For statistical analyses the analysis of covariance, repeated-measures analysis of variance, Kruskal-Wallis, and Mann-Whitney U tests were and significance level was set as p≤0.05. Results: The Mstn and FLS protein levels significantly decreased and increased, respectively in all three experimental groups compared with the control group. Moreover, the NF-κB level was significantly lower in the MGVRT and HIRT groups than NLRT and control groups. Furthermore, the arm and thigh circumference and muscular strength in the chest press and squat movements significantly increased in all three experimental groups as compared with the control group where the increase in arm circumference in the MGVRT group was significantly higher than in the HIRT and NLRT groups and as the same the muscular strength in the HIRT group was significantly higher than in the MGVRT and NLRT groups. Conclusion: All three RT protocols lead to improve biochemical, anthropometric, and functional indices in male athletes, but the MGVRT and HIRT protocols led to more increase in muscular hypertrophy and maximum strength, respectively. However, further studies are needed on the relationship between RT protocols with muscle mass and strength, and the biochemical parameters associated with them.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Resistance training
- Training volume
- Training intensity
- Muscle hypertrophy
- Muscle strength
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