نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشیار گروه علوم ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران
2 کارشناس ارشد فیزیولوژی ورزشی، علوم ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران
3 استادیار گروه علوم ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران
چکیده
زمینه و هدف: کافئین محرک فیزیولوژیک پر مصرف در سراسر جهان است که ورزشکاران برای افزایش نیرو و تاخیر در خستگی از آن استفاده می نمایند و در حال حاضر به صورت نوشیدنی‌‌های انرژی زا و مکمل‌‌های غذایی در بازار عرضه می‌‌شود. از این‌‌رو، مطالعه حاضر با هدف بررسی اثر خستگی و مصرف مکمل کافئین بر تعادل و برخی از ویژگیهای آمادگی جسمانی و مهارتی بازیکنان فوتبال جوان شهرستان سرایان به اجرا درآمد. روش تحقیق: برای این منظور، 24 بازیکن فوتبال با دامنه سنی ۱۸ تا ۲۵ سال، سابقه ورزشی حداقل چهار تا پنج سال فعالیت مستمر به صورت هدفمند انتخاب و به طور تصادفی به دو گروه تجربی و کنترل تقسیم شدند. ابتدا شرکت کنندگان آزمون‌‌های تعادل پویا، توان انفجاری (آزمون پرش سارجنت)، چابکی (آزمون ایلی نویز) و آزمون‌‌های شوت و پاس مور کریتسین را اجرا نمودند. گروه تجربی کپسول کافئین (6 میلی گرم/کیلوگرم/روز) و گروه کنترل کپسول حاوی نشاسته (شش میلی گرم/کیلوگرم/ روز) دریافت کردند. برای ایجاد خستگی شبیه سازی شده در فوتبال، پروتکل بانگسبو با 42 سیکل دو دقیقه ای انجام شد. پس از اجرای پروتکل خستگی و مشابه پیش‌آزمون، کلیه آزمون ها تکرار گردید. نتایج با استفاده از آزمون t مستقل و وابسته در سطح معنی داری 05/0≥p استخراج گردید. یافته‌‌ها: خستگی عضلانی موجب کاهش معنی دار تعادل پویا (001/0=p)، پرش عمودی (001/0=p)، مهارت شوت زنی (001/0=p) و عدم تغییر معنی دار چابکی (39/0=p) و مهارت پاس دادن (11/0=p) گردید؛ در حالی که کافئین اثری بر این تغییرات نداشت. نتیجه گیری: احتمالا مصرف 6 میلی گرم به ازای هر کیلوگرم از وزن بدن اثرگذار نبوده است و از این رو، به نظر می‌‌رسد بازیکنان فوتبال برای بهبود ویژگیهای آمادگی جسمانی می‌‌توانند از دوز های بالاتر کافئین به جای دوزهای پایین تر آن، برای تاثیرگذاری سود ببرند. برای نتیجه گیری قطعی مطالعات بیشتری ضرورت دارد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Evaluation of the effect of fatigue and caffeine supplementation on balance and some physical and skill fitness characteristics of young football players
نویسندگان [English]
- Saeed Ilbeigi 1
- Mohammad reza Ahmadi 2
- Mohsen Mohammadnia Ahmadi 3
- Hadi Moazzeni 2
1 Associate Professor, Department of Sports Science, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran
2 M.Sc. in Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Sport Sciences, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran.
چکیده [English]
Background and Aim: Caffeine is a widely used physiological stimulant worldwide that athletes use to increase strength and delay fatigue, which is currently available in the form of energy drinks and dietary supplements. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the effect of fatigue and caffeine supplementation on balance and some physical and skill fitness characteristics of young football players in Sarayan city. Materials and Methods: In this way, 24 football players with an age range of 18 to 25 years, at least four to five years of continuous activity were purposefully selected and randomly divided into experimental and control groups. All participants firstly performed the dynamic balance, explosive power (Sargent jump test), agility (Illinois test), and Moore–Christian shooting & passing performance test. Further, the experimental group received caffeine capsules (six mg/kg/day) and the control group received starch capsules (six mg/kg/day). Moreover, the Bangsbo protocol was performed with 42 of two-minute cycles to create simulated fatigue in football players. After the implementation of the fatigue protocol and similar to the pre-test, all the tests were repeated. The results were extracted using independent and dependent t-test at the significant level of p≤0.05. Results: Muscle fatigue significantly decreasing effect on dynamic balance (p=0.001), vertical jump (p=0.001), shooting skill (p=0.001), but no significantly changes were observed on agility (p=0.39) and passing skill (p=0.11), while caffeine had no effect on these changes. Conclusion: Consumption of six mg per kg of body weight caffeine may not have been effective and therefore, it seems that football players can improve their physical fitness characteristics from higher doses of caffeine instead of lower doses to be more effective. Further studies are needed to reach a definitive conclusion.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Fatigue
- Caffeine
- Physical fitness
- Football skills
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