نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 استادیار گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه الزهرا، تهران، ایران.
2 کارشناسی ارشد فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه الزهرا، تهران، ایران.
3 دانشیار گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران.
چکیده
زمینه و هدف: نتایج پژوهش‌ها در زمینه تأثیر خستگی عصبی- عضلانی بر همانقباضی عضلات، ناهمسو و نامشخص است. علت این ناهمسویی‌ها را احتمالا می‌توان ناشی از تفاوت در نوع پروتکل‌های خستگی به لحاظ بار تمرین حین اجرای فعالیت مقاومتی دانست. هدف پژوهش حاضر مقایسه تاثیر دو پروتکل خستگی ناشی از تکرارهای قدرتی و استقامتی در فعالیت مقاومتی، بر همانقباضی عضلانی حین اجرای حرکت پرس پا بود. روش تحقیق: تعداد 10 زن سالم فعال با میانگین سنی 97/2±7/24 سال در پژوهش حاضر شرکت کردند. شرکت‌کنندگان در سه جلسه جداگانه به آزمایشگاه مراجعه کردند. جلسه اول میزان وزنه برای یک تکرار بیشینه در حرکت پرس پا تعیین شد. در جلسات دوم و سوم، پروتکل‌های خستگی قدرتی و استقامتی در حرکت پرس پا به ترتیب با 90 و 50 درصد حداکثر تکرار بیشینه اجرا گردید. فعالیت الکتریکی چهار عضله راست رانی، پهن داخلی، پهن خارجی و دوسر رانی حین اجرای حرکت پرس پا، توسط دستگاه الکترومایوگرافی بی‌سیم (مدل نوراکسون) ثبت شد. همانقباضی عضلات منتخب در سه تکرار از مجموعه تکرارهای پرس پا (پیش از خستگی، میانی و واماندگی) برای هر آزمودنی محاسبه و با استفاده از روش آماری تحلیل واریانس با اندازه گیری مکرر مورد تحلیل قرار گرفتند. یافته‌ها: همانقباضی عضلات راست رانی و دوسر رانی (0/03>p)، عضلات پهن خارجی و دوسر رانی (0/01>p)، و عضلات پهن داخلی و دوسر رانی در اثر خستگی به طور معنی‌داری کاهش یافت (0/01>p). اما میزان همانقباضی عضلات پهن داخلی و پهن خارجی در اثر خستگی تغییر معنی‌داری نکرد. تغییرات مذکور در هر دو نوع پروتکل خستگی ناشی از تکرارهای قدرتی و استقامتی، یکسان بود (0/05>p). نتیجه‌گیری: هر دو نوع پروتکل خستگی ناشی از تکرارهای قدرتی و استقامتی در فعالیت مقاومتی، منجر به کاهش همانقباضی در سه جفت از چهار جفت عضله منتخب شد. یافته مهم پژوهش حاضر عدم تفاوت در تاثیر پروتکل خستگی ناشی از تکرارهای قدرتی و استقامتی بر همانقباضی عضلانی بود.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Effect of fatigue induced by strength and endurance training on muscle co-contraction during leg press exercise in active women
نویسندگان [English]
- Leila Ghazaleh 1
- Zohre Cheshomi 2
- Rasoul Eslami 3
1 Assistant Professor at Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran.
2 MSc in Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran.
3 Associated Professor at Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]
Background and Aim: The results of researches in the field of the effect of neuromuscular fatigue on muscle co-contraction are inconsistent and unclear. The cause of these contradictions can probably be seen as a result of the difference in the type of fatigue protocols in terms of the training load during resistance activity. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the effect of two protocols of fatigue caused by strength and endurance repetitions in resistance activity on muscle co-contraction during leg press movement. Materials and Methods: Ten healthy active women (age: 24.2 ± 7.97 years) participated in this study. The participants referred to the laboratory in three separate sessions. In the first session, the amount of weight was determined for one repetition maximum (1RM) in the leg press movement. The second and third sessions, strength and endurance fatigue protocols in leg press movement were performed by the subjects with 90 and 50% of 1RM, respectively. The electrical activity of four selected muscles (rectus femoris, vastua lateralis, vastus medialis and biceps femoris) during leg press movement was recorded by a wireless electromyography device (Noraxon). The co-contraction of the muscles in three repetitions of the set of repetitions of leg presses (before fatigue, middle and exhaustion) was calculated for each subject and entered into statistical analysis. Data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance. Results: Co-contraction of rectus femoris and biceps femoris muscles (p<0.03), vastus lateralis and biceps femoris (p<0.01), as well as vastus medialis and biceps femoris (p<0.01) significantly decreased due to fatigue. However, the co-contraction value of vastus lateralis and vastus medialis muscles did not change significantly due to fatigue. The mentioned changes were the same in both types of fatigue protocols due to strength and endurance repetitions (p>0.05). Conclusion: Both types of fatigue protocols induced by strength and endurance repetitions in resistance activity led to a decrease in co-contraction in three pairs of four selected muscle pairs. The important finding of the present study was the lack of difference in the effect of fatigue protocol caused by strength and endurance repetitions on muscle co-contraction.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Fatigue
- Resistance training
- Muscle co-contraction
- Exhaustion
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