نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری فیزیولوژی ورزشی، گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران.
2 استادیار گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی،تبریز، ایران.
3 دانشیار گروه علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه شهید مدنی آذربایجان، تبریز، ایران.
4 دانشیار گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران.
5 استادیار گروه دامپزشکی، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران.
چکیده
زمینه و هدف: در مورد تاثیر توام تمرین و کورکومین بر آثار سمی آرسنیک در مغز، اطلاعات اندکی موجوداست. این تحقیق با هدف بررسی تأثیر تمرین تناوبی شدید (HIIT) و مصرف کورکومین بر مالون دی آلدهید (MDA)، نیتریت، هموسیستئین و بیان کاسپازهای 3، 8 و 9 مغز موش های صحرائی تحت مواجهه با آرسنیک به اجرا درآمد. روش‌تحقیق: در این مطالعه تجربی، تعداد 48 سر موش صحرائی نر به شش گروه شامل آرسنیک+تمرین، آرسنیک+کورکومین، توام (آرسنیک+تمرین+ کورکومین)، آرسنیک، کنترل اتانول و کنترل آب مقطر تقسیم شدند. آرسنیک به مدت 6 هفته روزانه از طریق آب آشامیدنی با دوز پنج میلی‌گرم بر هر کیلوگرم وزن بدن و کورکومین روزانه با دوز 15 میلی‌گرم بر هر کیلوگرم وزن بدن به صورت گاواژ خورانده شد. تمرین HIIT به مدت شش هفته با تکرار پنج روز در هفته، مشتمل بر 60 دقیقه تمرین تناوبی در هر جلسه (هر تناوب شامل چهار دقیقه دویدن با شدت 90-85 درصد vVO2max و دو دقیقه ریکاوری فعال با شدت 60–50 درصد vVO2max) به اجرا درآمد. از روش‌های الایزا، وسترن بلات و واکنش های اسید تیوباربیتوریک و‌گریس به ترتیب برای اندازه گیری هموسیستئین، بیان کاسپازها، غلظت MDA و نیتریت مغزی استفاده شد. داده‌ها با روش تحلیل واریانس یک راهه و آزمون تعقیبی توکی در سطح معنی‌داری 05/0>p تحلیل شدند. یافته‌ها: مواجهه با آرسنیک، سبب افزایش بیان کاسپازهای 3، 8 و 9 و مقدار MDA و هموسیستئین مغز شد (05/0>p). هر سه مداخله شامل تمرین، کورکومین و یا اثر توام آن ها در مقایسه با گروه کنترل معمولی، افزایش MDA مغزی ناشی از آرسنیک را برطرف کرد (05/0> p)، ولی موجب اصلاح کامل افزایش هموسیستئین نشد (05/0<p). از طرف دیگر، بیان کاسپازهای 8 و 9 مغز، تنها در گروه توام به سطوح مشابه با گروه کنترل معمولی رسید (05/0>p). نتیجه‌گیری: مواجهه با آرسنیک می‌تواند به افزایش هموسیستئین، پراکسیداسیون لیپیدی و فعال‌شدن مسیرهای درونی و بیرونی آپوپتوزیس در مغز موش ها منجر شود. با این که انجام تمرین، مصرف کورکومین و اثر توام آن ها، از پراکسیداسیون لیپیدی مغزی ناشی از آرسنیک جلوگیری کرد، ولی در مورد سایر متغیرها، فقط در گروه‌های مصرف کورکومین اثرات مفید قابل ملاحظه ای مشاهده شد. همچنین اثر آرسنیک بر افزایش فعالیت مسیرهای داخلی و خارجی آپوپتوزیس مغز، فقط در گروه توام به طور کامل مهار گردید. با این حال، به دلیل پاره ای محدودیت ها و کمبود تحقیقات انسانی، به بررسی‌های بیشتر نیاز است.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Effects of high intensity interval training and curcumin consumption on brain lipid peroxidation, homocysteine and caspase activation in rats exposed to arsenic
نویسندگان [English]
- Abdollah Hosseinlou 1
- Roghayeh Pouzesh Jadidi 2
- Karim Azali Alamdari 3
- Jabbar Bashiri 4
- Mir Ali Reza Nourazar 5
1 PhD Student of Exercise Physiology, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.
3 Associate Professor, Department of Sport Sciences, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran.
4 Associate Professor, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.
5 Assistant Professor, Department of Veterinary, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.
چکیده [English]
Background and Aim: Little is known about the concomitant effects of high intensity interval training (HIIT) and curcumin on arsenic toxicity in the brain. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of HIIT and curcumin supplementation on cerebral malondialdehyde (MDA), nitrite, homocysteine and also expression of caspase3, caspae-8 and caspase-9 protein in rats exposed to arsenic. Material and Methods: In this experimental study, 48 male rats were randomly divided into six groups: arsenic+training, arsenic+curcumin, arsenic+training+curcumin (concomitant), arsenic, ethanol-control and normal-control. Arsenic five mg/kg/day and curcumin 15 mg/kg/day were consumed orally (gavaged) for six weeks. HIIT were conducted for six weeks (five sessions/week, each session lasted 60 min) consisted of four min running bouts at 85-90% of vVO2max with two min recovery intervals at 50-60% of vVO2max. Elisa, Western blot and also TBARS as well as Grace reaction methods were used to quantify cerebral homocysteine, caspase expression, MDA and nitrite levels respectively. Data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance and Tukey post hoc tests at the p<0.05 level. Results: Arsenic exposure significantly elevated brain caspase-3, -8 and -9 expression, as well as MDA and homocysteine levels (p<0.05). All of three interventions including HIIT, curcumin and their concomitance obviated arsenic induced cerebral MDA elevation compared to normal control group (p<0.05), however; it could not fully corrected homocysteine levels (p>0.05). Caspae-8 and -9 protein expression levels were restored to normal control group level, just in concomitant group (p<0.05). Conclusion: Arsenic exposure leads to an increased rat cerebral homocysteine, lipid peroxidation as well as intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways activation. While HIIT, curcumin and their concomitance prevented arsenic induced cerebral lipid peroxidation, only with curcumin supplementation remarkable benefits were observed for rest of variables. Further, only in the concomitant group, the arsenic induced elevations in the activity of both the intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways were fully prevented. However, more researches should to be done because of the study limitations and lack of similar evidence in human population.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Brain tissue
- Oxidative stress
- Hemocysteine
- Exercise Training
- Curcumin
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