نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 کارشناس ارشد فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه شهید چمران، اهواز، ایران.
2 دانشیار گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه شهید چمران، اهواز، ایران.
3 استاد گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه شهید چمران، اهواز، ایران.
چکیده
زمینه و هدف: یکی از عوامل تأثیرگذار در موفقیت و بهبود رکورد ورزشکاران، گرم کردن است. پتانسیل پس فعالسازی یکی از روش‌های نوین گرم کردن است. ﻫﻨﮕﺎم فعالیت‌های ﺳﺮﯾﻊ و ﭘﻮﯾﺎ، فعالسازی عصبی- عضلانی ﺑﺎﻻﯾﯽ وﺟﻮد دارد و تمرینات ﺑﺎ ﺑﺎر بیشینه، باعث فعال شدن سیستم عصبی ﻣﺮﮐﺰی و اﯾﺠﺎد ﺷﺮاﯾﻄﯽ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺮای اﺟﺮای فعالیت‌های اﻧﻔﺠﺎری می‌شوند. هدف از تحقیق حاضر، بررسی تأثیر پتانسیل پس فعالسازی در زمان‌های استراحتی متفاوت، بر توان انفجاری دختران ورزشکار بود. روش تحقیق: در این تحقیق نیمه تجربی، 12 دختر ورزشکار (میانگین شاخص توده بدنی 40/4±1/21 کیلو گرم بر متر مربع و سن 98/1±28/23 سال) ﺁﺯﻣﻮﻥ ﭘﺮﺵ ﻋﻤﻮﺩﻯ معکوس (CMJ) را با استفاده از صفحه نیروسنج اجرا کردند. پس از آن، حرکت اسکوات با 3 تکرار و شدت 85 درصد یک تکرار بیشینه انجام شد و بعد از 30 ثانیه استراحت غیرفعال، مجدداً آزمون CMJ به عمل آمد. در ادامه، همین آزمون با زمان‌های 1، 2، 3 و 5 دقیقه استراحت غیرفعال انجام گردید. برای تعیین طبیعی بودن دادهها از آزمون شاپیرو-ویلک و برای تجزیهوتحلیل دادهها، از روشآماری تحلیل واریانس با اندازه گیری های تکراری و آزمون تعقیبی بونفرونی استفاده شد. کلیه بررسیهای آماری با نرم‌افزار SPSS نسخه 23 به اجرا درآمد و سطح معنی‌داری 05/0p < در نظر گرفته شد. یافته‌ها: میزان پرش عمودی معکوس دختران در پس‌آزمون نسبت به وضعیت پیش‌آزمون در زمان‌های 30 ثانیه (001/0p=)، 1 دقیقه (001/0p=)، 2 دقیقه (001/0p=) و 3 دقیقه (001/0p=) به‌طور معنی‌داری افزایش‌یافت. اما میزان پرش عمودی معکوس 5 دقیقه بعد از پس آزمون، نسبت به وضعیت پیش‌آزمون تغییر معنی‌داری نداشت (42/0p =). نتیجه‌گیری: به نظر می‌رسد استفاده از حرکت اسکوات پس از گرم کردن، باعث افزایش عملکرد انفجاری می‌گردد و می‌تواند در ورزش‌های قدرتی، سرعتی و توانی- انفجاری سودمند واقع گردد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Effect of post-activation potentiation in different time intervals on the explosive power of athlete girls
نویسندگان [English]
- Sayeh Satavand 1
- Masoud Nikbakt 2
- Abdollhamid Habibi 3
1 MSc in Exercise Physiology, Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran.
2 Associate Professor, Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran.
3 Full Professor, Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran.
چکیده [English]
Background and Aim:Warm-up is one of the factors that influence the success and improvement of athletes record. The post-activation potentiation can be considered as one of the new methods of warm-up. During fast and dynamic activities, there is a high level of neuromuscular activation, so the exercises with maximum loads can activate the central nervous system tocreate suitable condition for explosive activity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of post-activation potentiation in different rest periods on the explosive power of athlete girls. Materials and Methods: In this semi-experimental study, 12 female athletes (mean body mass index 21.1 ± 4.40 kg/m2, and age 23.28 ± 1.98 years) performed a countermovement Jump test using force plate. Then, they performed the squat movement with three repetitions, with 85% of one maximum repetition, and after 30 seconds of passive rest, they repeat the same countermovement Jump test. After that, the same test was carried out with one, two, three, and five minutes passive rest. For statistical analysis, theShapiro-Wilk normality test and analysis of variance with repeated measure method and Bonferron's post hoc test were used. All statistical analyzes were performed by SPSS softwareand significant level set at p < 0.05. Results: The results indicated that the reverse countermovement Jump in post-tests were significantly higher at 30 second (p=0.001), 1 minute (p=0.001), 2 minutes (p=0.001) and 3 minutes (p=0.001) compared to pre-test, butdespite a slight increase in countermovement Jump with 5 minutes rest, this test did not change significantly (p=0.43) compared to the pre-test. Conclusion: It seems that the use of squat movement after warm-up will increase the explosive performance, which can be beneficial in power, speed and explosive power sports.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Post-activation potentiation
- Countermovement Jump
- Warm up
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