نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دکتری فیزیولوژی ورزش، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، کرج، ایران.
2 دانشجوی دکتری فیزیولوژی ورزش، گروه فیزیولوژی ورزش، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران
3 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد تربیت بدنی، باشگاه پژوهشگران جوان و نخبگان، واحد قروه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قروه، ایران
چکیده
زمینه و هدف: در سال‌های اخیر، روش‌های مختلف سرما درمانی به‌منظور کاهش آسیب‌ها و التهاب ناشی از تمرینات شدید، بازیافت سریع و کامل و همچنین، افزایش ظرفیت تمرین مورد استفاده قرار گرفته است. از این رو، هدف مطالعه حاضر بررسی اثرات غوطه‌وری در آب سرد (CWI) متعاقب یک جلسه تمرینی ووشو، بر شاخص‌های آنابولیکی/کاتابولیکی و آسیب سلولی بود. روش تحقیق: تعداد 16 ورزشکار نخبه ووشو استان کردستان (میانگین سن: 80/2±17/19 سال، وزن: 3/8±37/77 کیلوگرم، و چربی بدن: 7/3±25/10 درصد) به‌عنوان آزمودنی انتخاب شده و یک جلسه تمرین ووشو را به اجرا درآوردند. در طول دوره بازیافت، به مدت 20 دقیقه آزمودنی‌های گروه CWI پروتکل غوطه‌وری در آب سرد را انجام دادند؛ اما شرکت کنندگان در گروه کنترل در موقعیت مشابه استراحت غیرفعال داشتند. نمونه‌های خونی در زمان‌‌های قبل از فعالیت، بلافاصله و بعد از بازیافت جمع‌آوری شدند. برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها از آزمون تحلیل واریانس با اندازه‌‌گیری‌‌های مکرر و آزمون بونفرونی در سطح معنیداری 05/0>p استفاده شد. یافته‌ها: تغییر معنیداری در سطح آنزیم‌های آسپارتات آمینوترانسفراز (AST) و آلانین آمینوترانسفراز (ALT) متعاقب یک جلسه تمرین مشاهده نشد (05/0<p). سطح هورمون رشد، تستوسترون و نسبت تستوسترون به کورتیزول، متعاقب تمرین در هر دو گروه به طور معنی دار افزایش یافت (05/0>p)؛ در حالی که متعاقب دوره بازیافت، سطح تستوسترون تنها در گروه CWI کاهش معنیداری پیدا کرد (05/0>p). علاوه بر این، سطح کورتیزول پس از دوره بازیافت به‌طور معنیداری کاهش یافت، اما بین تغییرات دو گروه اختلاف معنیداری مشاهده نشد (05/0<p). نتیجه‌گیری: سطح هورمون‌های آنابولیکی (هورمون‌های رشد و تستوسترون) با انجام غوطه‌وری در آب سرد متعاقب یک جلسه تمرین شدید ووشو کاهش یافت و به نظر می‌رسد که استفاده از این روش بازیافت می‌تواند پاسخ های مثبت ناشی از تمرین را تخفیف دهد و یا اثرات بلندمدت منفی بر عملکرد ورزشکاران داشته باشد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Effects of cold water immersion following a Wushu training session on the metabolic and cellular damage indices of body
نویسندگان [English]
- Navid Lotfi 1
- Maryam Mirzaei.Takmil 2
- Amir Karimi 3
1 Ph.D. in Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Kharazmi, Karaj, Iran.
2 Ph.D. student of Exercise Physiology, Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
3 MSc, Young Research and Elite Club, Ghorveh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ghorveh, Iran
چکیده [English]
Background and Aim: In recent years, various methods of cryotherapy have been used to reduce intensive exercise-induced injuries and inflammation for fast and complete recovery as well as exercise capacity elevation. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of cold water immersion (CWI) following a Wushu specific training session on the anabolic/catabolic indices and cellular damages. Materials and Methods: Sixteen elite Wushu athletes from Kurdistan province (mean age: 19.17±2.80 years, weight: 77.37±8.30 kg, body fat: 10.25±30%) were selected as the subjects and performed a Wushu training session. During the recovery period, the subjects of the CWI group immersed in the cold water for 20 minutes, while control group rested passively in the same position. Blood samples were collected immediately before and after training and after recovery period. To analyze the data, analysis of variance with repeated measures and Bonferroni tests were applied at the significant level of p<0.05. Results: There were no significant changes in the level of Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) enzymes following a training session (p>0.05). The level of growth hormone, testosterone, and the testosterone/cortisol ratio increased significantly after training in both groups (p<0.05), while following the recovery period, testosterone level decreased only in the CWI group (p<0.05). Moreover, cortisol level decreased significantly after recovery period (p<0.05), but there was no significant difference between the two groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: The levels of anabolic hormones (growth hormone and testosterone) reduced by ICW following a Wushu training session; and it seems that the use of this method can attenuate exercise-induced positive responses and it may have long-term negative effects on athlete’s performance.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Recovery
- Cryotherapy
- Acute training
- Cell damage
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