نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 استادیار گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه علم و صنعت، تهران، ایران.
2 دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان، زاهدان، ایران.
چکیده
زمینه و هدف: وضعیت جسمانی و ترکیب بدنی تحت تأثیر عوامل مختلفی نظیر عوامل بوم‌شناختی (اکولوژیک)، زیست گاهی، تغذیه‌ای، نژادی و همچنین سن و جنس قرار می‌گیرد. از این رو شناخت عواملی که بتواند اثر بخشی بیشتری در حفظ سلامت و ایجاد نشاط و شادابی برای انجام کارهای روزمره افراد داشته باشد در تسریع این روند به جامعه ورزش کمک کننده خواهد بود. این تحقیق به‌منظور بررسی ارتباط بین نمایه توده بدن و تیپ بدنی با توان‌های محیطی و شاخص‌های اجتماعی- اقتصادی در استان‌های مختلف کشور انجام گرفت. روش تحقیق: تحقیق حاضر از نوع توصیفی- تحلیلی اسـت. از داده‌های تیپ بدنی و شاخص توده بدن پسران 9 تا 13 سال به‌عنوان شاخص‌های پیکر سنجی و داده‌های ارتفاع، عرض جغرافیایی و شاخص توسعه انسانی، به‌عنوان شاخص‌های محیطی و اجتماعی- اقتصادی بهره‌برداری شد و شاخص توسعه انسانی که میانگین سه شاخص امید به زندگی، آموزش و تحصیلات و سرانه تولید ناخالص داخلی برحسب برابری قدرت خرید با وزن یکسان به دست می‌آید، به‌عنوان شاخص در نظر گرفته شد. سپس با استفاده از روش‌ها و تکنیک‌های آمـاری و آمار فضایی در نرم‌افزارهای ArcGIS و SPSS تجزیــه و تحلیــل های لازم صورت گرفت. یافته ها: تحلیل رگرسیون نشان داد که رابطه خطی بین نوع تیپ بدنی و ویژگی‌های توپوگرافی وجود دارد (0/38=R2 و 0/02=p). بر اساس آزمون رگرسیون، رابطه معنی داری بین شاخص توده بدن با عرض جغرافیایی (0/42=R2 و 0/0001=p)، ارتفاع (0/39=R2 و 0/008=p) و شاخص توسعه انسانی (0/37= R2 و 0/005=p) بدست آمد. نتیجه‌گیری: وضعیت پیکری و به‌ویژه تیپ بدنی، به مناطق جغرافیایی و شرایط اقتصادی – اجتماعی مختلف وابسته است و این موضوع می‌تواند در استعدادیابی، تعیین قطب‌های ورزشی و توسعه سلامت، کاربرد گسترده‌ای داشته باشد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Spatial analysis of relationship between body mass index and somatotype profile with environmental indicators in Iranian provinces
نویسندگان [English]
- Asieh Namazi 1
- Sayed Ahmad Hosseini 2
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran.
2 PhD in Geography and Urban Planning, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran..
چکیده [English]
Background and Aim: Physical status and body composition are affected by various parameters such as ecological, nutritional, and racial as well as age and sex factors. Therefore, identification of most effectiveness factors for health and sport performance can be useful to develop a formulation during sports programs. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the relationship between somatotype profile, environmental potential and socio-economic indicators in some provinces of Iran. Materials and Methods: This research is a descriptive-analytic type. The somatotype and body mass indices (boys 9-13 years old) are used as anthropometric indicators as well as the height, latitude and human development indices are used as environmental and economic indicators. The human development index are considerd as average of the three indicators of life expectancy, instruction and education and per capita GDP in terms of equal purchasing power with the same weight. The statistical methods were used as spatial statistics in ArcGIS and SPSS softwares. Results: Regression analysis showed that there is a linear relationship between somatotype and topographic features (R2=0.39, p=0.02). Also, according to regression test, there was a significant relationship between body mass index and latitude (R2=0.42, p=0.0001, height (R2=0.39, p=0.008) and human development index (R2=0.37, p=0.005) respectively. Conclusion: The physical condition and especially the somatotype, depends on geographical areas and also different socioeconomic conditions. Therefore, it can be used extensively in talent identification, sports polarization and health promotion.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Spatial analysis
- Somatotype profile
- Human development index
- Environmental indicators
- Provinces of Iran
Agrawal, K. N., Singh, R. K. P., & Satapathy, K. K. (2010). Anthropometric considerations of farm tools/machinery design for tribal workers of northeastern India. Agricultural Engineering International: CIGR Journal, 12(1), 1-11.
Askarian, F., Jafari, A., & Fakhri, F. (2015). Influential factors on athletic performance in Iran. Sport Management Review, 5 (29), 50-37. [Persian]
Baluchi, R., Nikbakht, M., Nighibzadeh, M., Razzaghi, A., & Borhani Kakhki, Z. (2010). An examination of the physical proportion of three ethnic groups in khoozestan province on the basis of anthropometrical characteristics. Journal of Applied Exercise Physiology, 6(11), 37-48. [Persian]
Bloomfield, J., Aclendati, A., & Eliotby, S. (2003). Biomechanics and Applied Anatomy in Sport. Translation by Saeed Arsham Saeed. First Edition. Publications of the Institute of Physical Education and Sport Sciences. p. 656. [Persian]
Chandna, P., Deswal, S., & Chandra, A. (2010). An anthropometric survey of industrial workers of the northern region of India. International Journal of Industrial and Systems Engineering, 6(1), 110-128.
Colin Bell, A., Adair, L. S., & Popkin, B. M. (2002). Ethnic differences in the association between body mass index and hypertension. American Journal of Epidemiology, 155(4), 346-353.
Custonja, Z., & Skoric, S. (2011). Winning medals at the Olympic Games. DoesCROATIA Have Any Chance: Kinesiology, 43 (1), 107-114.
Farkas, L. G. (1996). Accuracy of anthropometric measurements: past, present, and future. The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal: SAGE Journals, 33(1), 10-22.
Hassanzadeh, Gh. (1998). Human Ranges (Anthropology). 1th Edition, Tehran, Science and literature Publisher. [Persian]
Hobbs, M. L. (2008). Dynamic Balance and Basketball Playing Ability. Master Thesis, Department of Health, Physical Education & Recreation, Texas State University-San Marcos.
Hoffmann, R., Ging, L. C., & Ramasamy, B. (2004). Olympic success and ASEAN countries: Economic analysis and policy implications. Journal of Sports Economics, 5(3), 262-276.
Johnson, D. K., & Ali, A. (2004). A tale of two seasons: participation and medal counts at the Summer and Winter Olympic Games. Social Science Quarterly, 85(4), 974-993.
Johnson, D. K., & Ali, A. (2000). Coming to play or coming to win: Participation and success at the Olympic Games. Wellesley College Dept. of Economics Working Paper, (2000-10).
Katic, R., Blazevic, S., Krstulovic, S., & Mulic, R. (2005). Morphological structures of elite karateka and their impact on technical and fighting efficiency. Collegium Antropologicum, 29(1), 79-84.
Kaynia, M. (2015). The Foundations of Criminology (Volume II), Fourteenth Edition. Tehran. Tehran Publications. p. 1230. [Persian]
Lin, Y. C., Wang, M. J. J., & Wang, E. M. (2004). The comparisons of anthropometric characteristics among four peoples in East Asia. Applied Ergonomics, 35(2), 173- 178.
Luiz, J. M., & Fadal, R. (2011). An economic analysis of sports performance in Africa. International Journal of Social Economics, 38(10), 869-883.
Mahmoudkhani, M. R., Dadashpour, A., & Hosseini. S. M. (2013). Determination of the profile of the somonathy of the ancients of the son of some iranian lndigenous peoples in the fields. Sports Physiology, 20(1), 129-140. [Persian]
Mahmoudkhani, M. R., Pashabadi, A., & Nayeri, M. (2012). Provincial description of somatotype profile of 9-13 years Old Iranian boys in martial arts. Two-Phase Research in Sport Medicine and Technology, 20(4), 69-77. [Persian]
Mandahawi, N., Imrhan, S., Al-Shobaki, S., & Sarder, B. (2008). Hand anthropometry survey for the Jordanian population. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 38(11-12), 966-976.
Montesquieu, C. S. (1991). Spirit of the Laws. 1th Edition. Tehran. Translated by Ali Akbar Mohtadi, Amir Kabir Publications. p. 481. [Persian]
Naderi, A. (1997). The translation of biological anthropology. 1th Edition. Tehran. Gostar Publications. p. 114. [Persian]
Namazi, A., & Rajabi, H. (2004). The descriptive study of physical fitness of female students in Tehran university of medical sciences. Journal of Movment Science and Sport, 1(3), 132-142. [Persian]
Okupe, R. F., Coker, O. O., & Gbajumo, S. A. (1984). Assessment of fetal biparietal diameter during normal pregnancy by ultrasound in Nigerian women. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 91(7), 629-632.
Roebuck, J. A., Kroemer, K. H., & Thomson, W. G. (1975). Engineering anthropometry methods (Vol. 3). John Wiley & Sons.
Sadeghi, F., Mazloumi, A., & Kazemi, Z. (2015). An anthropometric data bank for the Iranian working population with ethnic diversity. Applied Ergonomics, 48, 95-103.
Safak, S. Y., & Turgut, H. B. (1998). Weight, length, head, and face measurements in turkish newborns of central anatolia. Gazi Medical Journal, 9(3).
Shakoee, H. (1996). New Ideas in Philosophy of Geography, 1th Edition. Tehran. Gytashnasi Publication. [Persian]
Soltani, A., Ahmadian, A., & Esmaili Eyuki, Y. (2010). Application of geography weighted regression (GWR) in examining relationships between variables space in an urban zone, Case Study: District 7 of Tehran. Semi-annually Armanshahr, 3(4), 99-110. [Persian]
Sterkowicz-Przybycien, K. L. (2010). Body composition and somatotype of the top of polish male karate contestants. Biology of Sport, 27(3), 195-201.
Will Durant, W. (2010). The Pleasures of Philosophy. 22 th Edition. Tehran. Translator Abbas Zaryab, Scientific Cultural Publishing. p. 519. [Persian]
Williams. P., Bannister. L. H., Berry. M. M., Collins. P., Dyson. M., & Dussak. J. E. (1995). In: Skeletal system. 38th Edition. London. Churchill Livingston.
)