نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 کارشناسی ارشد گروه آسیب شناسی ورزشی و حرکات اصلاحی/ دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی/ دانشگاه گیلان/ رشت
2 دانشیار گروه آسیب شناسی و حرکات اصلاحی/ دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی/ دانشگاه گیلان/ رشت
3 کارشناس ارشد گروه روانشناسی ورزشی/ دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی/ دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز/ اهواز
4 استادیار گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی/ دانشکده علوم انسانی/ دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد لاهیجان/ لاهیجان
5 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد/ گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی/ دانشکده علوم انسانی/ دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد رشت/ رشت
چکیده
زمینه و هدف: هدف این پژوهش بررسی تاثیر 8 هفته تمرینات ثبات مرکزی با توپ سوئیسی بر تعادل فوتبالیست های نوجوان بود. روش تحقیق: از بین کلیه ورزشکاران فوتبالیست 12 تا 15 سال حاضر در مدارس فوتبال شهر لاهیجان، 30 نفر به عنوان نمونه آماری انتخاب شدند و به صورت تصادفی در دو گروه کنترل و تجربی قرار گرفتند. گروه تجربی برنامه تمرینی شامل تمری نهای مرتبط با ثبات مرکزی را به مدت 8 هفته با تکرار 3 بار در هفته، به اجرا درآوردند. در چهار هفته اول، تمرینات مذکور، 2 بلوک 5 کوششی و در چهار هفته دوم، 2 بلوک 10 کوششی بود؛ در این مدت گروه کنترل تنها در کلا سهای فوتبال شرکت داشتند. تعادل ایستا و پویا به ترتیب با آزمون ایستادن لک لک و آزمون تعدیل شده ستاره (Y) ارزیابی گردیدند. پس از بررسی طبیعی بودن توزیع میانگین داد هها با آزمون کولموگروف - اسمیرنوف، از آزمون t مستقل و وابسته برای مقایسه تغییرات بین گروهی و درون گروهی استفاده گردید و سطح معنی داری 0/05>p درنظر گرفته شد. یافته ها: نتایج نشان داد که اختاف معنی داری در تعادل ایستا بین دو گروه در پس آزمون وجود ندارد (0/91=p). در تعادل پویا اختاف معنی داری در دو جهت خلفی خارجی (0/04=p) و خلفی داخلی (0/002=p) در گروه تجربی پس از تمرینات مشاهده شد، اما در جهت قدامی پیشرفت معناداری بدست نیامد (0/33=p). نتیجه گیری: با توجه به نتایج این تحقیق مربیان و معلمان م یتوانند از تمرینات ثبات مرکزی برای بهبود تعادل پویا در افراد نوجوان استفاده نمایند، وضعیتی که با بهبود اجرا، یادگیری بهتر، و کاهش آسیب های ورزشی همراه خواهد بود.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
The effect of 8 weeks of core stability training with Swiss ball on the balance in 12 -15 year old soccer players
نویسندگان [English]
- Mohammad Alikhani 1
- Ali Asghar Norasteh 2
- Amir Hossein Ghorbani 3
- Hasan Alikhani 4
- Asieh Mirza Aghajani 5
1
2
3
4
5
چکیده [English]
Background and Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of 8 weeks of core stability training with Swiss ball on the balance of teenager soccer players. Materials and Methods: 30 teenager soccer players were selected and divided randomly into two control and experimental groups. The training program of experimental group was included core stability exercises for 8 weeks, 3 times per week. In first four weeks experimental group performed exercises in two sets with 5 repeats and second four weeks of 2 sets with 10 repeats. In this period, the control group only participated in the practice of soccer. The evaluation of the static balance was done by Stork test and the dynamic balance was done by Y test. After normality test of data mean distribution by Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, paired- samples t-test was used for extraction of results and significance level considered if p≤0.05. Results: Results showed significant differences in poster medial (p=0.002) and poster lateral (p=0.04) direction in the experimental group in post-test. There were no significant differences in static balance (p=0.91) and anterior direction between pre-test and post-test (p=0.33). Conclusion: According to the results of this research, the core stability exercises can be performed on teenager soccer players and children by coaches and teachers to improve balance and prevent sport injuries.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Core stability
- Dynamic balance
- Y test
2. Ahmadi, R., Daneshmandi, H., Barati, A.H. 2012. The effect of 6 weeks core stabilization training program on the balance in mentally retarded students. Sports Medicine Journal, Medicina Sportivâ, vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 496-501.
3. Blackburn, J.T., Prentice, W.E., Guskiewicz, K.M., Busby, M.A. 2000. Balance and joint stability: the relative contributions of proprioception and muscular strength. Journal of Sport Rehabilitation, vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 315-328.
4. Caraffa, A., Cerulli, G., Projetti, M., Aisa, G., et al. 1996. Prevention of anterior cruciate ligament injuries in soccer. Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 19-21.
5. Chek, P. 1999. Swiss ball exercises for swimming, soccer and basketball. Sports Coach, 21, pp. 12-13.
6. Clark, M.A., Fater, D., Reuteman, P. 2000. Core (trunk) stabilization and its importance for closed kinetic chain rehabilitation. Orthopedic Physical Therapy Clinics of North America, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 119-136.
7. Cosio-Lima, L., Reynolds, K.L., Winter, C., Paolone, V., et al. 2003. Effects of physioball and conventional floor exercises on early phase adaptations in back and abdominal core stability and balance in women. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, vol. 17, no. 4, pp. 721-725.
8. Cusi, M.F., Juska-Butel, C.J., Garlick, D., Argyrous, G. 2001. Lumbopelvic stability and injury profile in rugby union players. New Zealand Journal of Sports Medicine, vol. 29, no. 1, pp. 14-19.
9. Delahunt, E. 2007. Neuromuscular contributions to functional instability of the ankle joint. Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies, vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 203-213.
10. Farzaneh, H.A., Norasteh, A.A., Daneshmandi, H., Ortakand, S.M. 2011. The effect of 8 weeks core stabilization training program on balance in deaf students. Medicina Sportiva, vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 56-61.
11. Gioftsidou, A., Malliou, P., Pafis, G., Beneka, A., et al. 2006. The effects of soccer training and timing of balance training on balance ability. European Journal of Applied Physiology, vol. 96, no. 6, pp. 659-664.
12. Jafarnejad, K.H. 2010. Establishing of balance norm for guidance level boy student of guilan province. Master’s thesis, University of Guilan.
13. Johnson, E.G., Larsen, A., Ozawa, H., Wilson, C.A., et al. 2007. The effects of pilates-based exercise on dynamic balance in healthy adults. Journal of Bodywork and movement Therapies, vol. 11, no 3, pp. 238-242.
14. Kahle, N.L., Gribble, P.A. 2009. Core stability training in dynamic balance testing among young, healthy adults. Athletic Train Sports Health Care, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 65-73.
15. Kibler, W.B., Press, J., Sciascia, A. 2006. The role of core stability in athletic function. Sports Medicine, vol. 36, no. 3, pp. 189-198.
16. Lewarchik, T.M., Bechtel, M.E., Bradley, D.M., Hughes, C.J., et al. 2003. The effects of a seven week core stabilization program on athletic performance in collegiate football players. Journal of Athletic Train, No. 38, pp. 74-81.
17. Marshall, P.W., Murphy, B.A. 2005. Core stability exercises on and off a Swiss ball. Archives of Physical Medicine and
Rehabilitation, vol. 86, no. 2, pp. 242-249.
18. Norasteh, A A., Mohebi, H., Shah-Heidari, S. 2010. Comparative study of static and dynamic balance in athletes. Iranian Journal of Sports Medicine, vol. 5, pp. 5-22.
19. Payne, V. G., Isaacs, L. D., Pohlman, R. 2002. Human motor development: A lifespan approach. Boston: McGraw-Hill. pp. 365-390.
20. Petrofsky, J.S. 2005. Core strengthening and balance in the Geriatric population. Journal of Applied Research, vol. 5, no. 3. p. 423.
21. Piegaro, A.B. 2003. The Comparative effects of four-week core stabilization & balance-training programs on semi dynamic & dynamic balance. Ph.D. thesis, West Virginia University Libraries.
22. Samson, K.M. 2005. The effects of a five-week core stabilization-training program on dynamic balance in tennis athletes. Ph.D. thesis, West Virginia University Libraries.
23. Samson, K.M., Sandrey, M.A., Hetrick, A.L. 2007. A core stabilization training program for tennis athletes. Athletic Therapy Today, vol. 12, no. 3, p. 41.
24. Sandrey, M.A., Mitzel, J.G. 2013. Improvement in dynamic balance and core endurance after a 6-week core-stability-training program in high school track and field athletes. Journal of Sport Rehabilitation, vol. 22, no. 4.p. 54.
25. Sato, K., Mokha, M. 2009. Does core strength training influence running kinetics, lower-extremity stability, and 5000-M performance in runners? The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, vol. 23, no. 1, pp. 133-140.
26. Scibek, J.S. 1999. The effect of core stabilization training on functional performance in swimming. Ph.D. thesis, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
27. Straube, A., Botzel, K., Hawken, M.A., Paulus, W.A., et al. 1988. Postural control in the elderly: differential effects of visual, vestibular and somatosensory input. In Posture and Gait: Development, adaptation and modulation. Proceedings of the 9th International Symposium on Postural and gait research. vol. 29, pp. 105-114.
28. Timothy, A., McGuine, T. Keene, J. S. 2006. The effect of a balance training program on the risk of ankle sprains in high school athletes. The American Journal of Sport Medicine, vol. 34, no. 7, pp. 1103-1111.
29. Woollacott, M. H., Shumway-Cook, A. 1990. Changes in posture control across the life span—a systems approach. Physical Therapy, vol. 70, no. 12, pp. 799-807.
30. Zazulak, B., Hewett, T., Reeves, N., Goldberg, B., et al. 2007. The effects of core proprioception on knee injury: A prospective biomechanical epidemiological study. The American Journal of Sport Medicine, vol. 35, no. 3, pp. 368-373.
)