نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 استادیار گروه علوم ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران.
2 دانشیار گروه علوم ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران.
3 دکتری مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران.
چکیده
زمینه و هدف: ارزیابی آمادگی جسمانی دانش‌آموزان برای بهبود سلامت جسمی و روانی آن‌ها ضروری است. تحقیق حاضر با هدف طراحی و تدوین نورم آمادگی جسمانی دانش‌آموزان دختر و پسر مقطع متوسطه اول و دوم استان خراسان جنوبی و مقایسه آن با نورم ملی انجام شد. روش تحقیق: تحقیق حاضر از نظر هدف از نوع مطالعات کاربردی و بر اساس راهبرد، از نوع تحقیقات توصیفی است که به روش میدانی اجرا گردید. جامعه آماری این تحقیق کلیه دانش‌آموزان دختر و پسر دوره اول و دوم متوسطه استان خراسان جنوبی در سال تحصیلی 1402-1401 بودند (73283 نفر) که نهایتاً به روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی خوشه‌ای چندمرحله‌ای، 392 نفر بر اساس جدول نمونه‌گیری مورگان، به‌عنوان نمونه آماری انتخاب شدند. آزمون‌های درازو نشست، بارفیکس، نشستن و رساندن دست‌ها و دوی 540 متر اجرا گردید. پس از ثبت رکوردها در هر آزمون، به‌منظور طبقه‌بندی و تنظیم داده‌ها، تعیین شاخص‌های گرایش به مرکز و پراکندگی، از آمار توصیفی استفاده شد و سپس نورم های استاندارد با استفاده از سطوح زیر منحنی طبیعی و نمرات استاندارد Z ، تدوین گردید. برای مقایسه میانگین ویژگی اندازه‌گیری شده از آزمون t مستقل در سطح معنی‌داری 05/0≥p استفاده شد. یافته‌ها: دانش‌آموزان دختر 17-13 سال استان خراسان جنوبی از نظر استقامت عضلات شکم، استقامت عضلات کمربند شانه، انعطاف‌پذیری و استقامت قلبی- تنفسی از نورم ملی بالاتر بودند و دانش‌آموزان پسر 17-13 سال استان خراسان جنوبی، انعطاف‌پذیری و استقامت عضلات کمربند شانه بالاتری نسبت به نورم ملی داشتند. نتیجه‌گیری: دختران از نظر آمادگی جسمانی وضعیت مطلوب‌تری نسبت به نورم ملی داشتند ولی در پسران استقامت عضلات شکم و استقامت قلبی – تنفسی ضعیف‌تری نسبت به نورم ملی مشاهده شد؛ که تقویت این ویژگی‌ها به برنامه‌ریزی مناسب نیاز دارد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Design and developing the norm of physical fitness of boy and girl students of the second and first high school of South Khorasan province and its comparison with the national norm
نویسندگان [English]
- Mahtab Nasseh 1
- Seyedehozra Mirkazemi 2
- Faride Taghipour jahromi 3
1 Assistant Professor at Department of Sport Siences, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran.
2 Associate Professor at Department of Sport Science, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran.
3 Ph.D in Sport Management, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.
چکیده [English]
Background and Aim: Assessing the physical fitness of students is necessary to improve their mental and physical health. The present research was to design and develop the norm of physical fitness of boy and girl students of the second and first high school of South Khorasan province and its comparison with the national norm. Materials and Methods: The current research was of the type of applied studies and based on the strategy, it can be considered as a type of descriptive research that was carried out in the field method. The statistical population of this research was all boy and girl students of high schools of south Khorasan province during the academic year of 2023-2024 (73283 person) that 392 people were selected as statistical sample based on Morgan’s sampling table by multi-stage cluster random sampling method. Sit-up, pull-up, sitting and reaching hands, runs of 540 meters tests were applied. After measuring the records in each test, descriptive statistics were used to classify and adjust the data, to determine the central tendency and dispersion indicators, then, the standard norms were compiled using the levels under the natural curve and Z standard scores. Independent t-test was used to compare the average of the measured characteristics at a significance level of p≤0.05. Results: Girl students 13-17 years old in south Khorasan province showed significantly higher scores in abdominal muscle endurance; shoulder girdle muscle endurance, flexibility and cardio-respiratory endurance than the national norm, but, the boy students had higher scores in shoulder girdle muscle endurance and flexibility than the national norm. Conclusion: In terms of physical fitness, girls had a better condition than the national norm, but in boys, abdominal muscle endurance and cardio-respiratory endurance were weaker than the national norm, which requires proper planning to strengthen these characteristics.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Physical fitness
- Students
- Standard norm
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