نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 استادیار گروه فیزیولوژی ورزش، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه رازی کرمانشاه، کرمانشاه، ایران
2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد بروجرد، بروجرد، ایران
3 استادیار فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشگاه آزاداسلامی واحد بروجرد، بروجرد، ایران
4 استادیار مدیریت ورزشی، دانشگاه تربیت دبیر شهید رجایی، تهران، ایران
چکیده
زمینه و هدف: درمرحله گرم کردن، استفاده از نوع و زمان‌های متفاوت کشش پیش از شروع فعالیت‌های ورزشی از اهمیت زیادی برخوردار است. بنابراین هدف از تحقیق حاضر تعیین آثار حاد کشش ایستا، بالستیک و PNF بر عملکرد پرش عمودی، چابکی و دوی سرعت 50 متر در بازیکنان مرد جوان فوتبال بود. روش تحقیق: از تعداد 30 نفر از بازیکنان فوتبال مرد جوان که حداقل 2 سال سابقه تمرینی داشتند، 11 نفر به طور تصادفی انتخاب و در 6 حالت متفاوت شامل دو حالت کشش ایستا (s5×2 و s10×2)، دو حالت کشش بالستیک (s5×2 و s10×2)، کشش PNF (s15×s6×s10) و کنترل (بدون کشش) بودند، بررسی شدند. از آزمون پرش عمودی سارجنت، آزمون چابکی بالسوم و دوی سرعت 50 متر جهت اندازه گیری متغیرها استفاده شد. آزمون تحلیل واریانس دو سویه با اندازه گیری تکراری جهت مقایسه تفاوت ها در حالت‌های متفاوت تحقیق مورد بهره برداری قرار گرفت و سطح معنی داری 05/0>p منظور گردید. یافته ها: کشش‌های بالستیک (s5×2) و (s10×2) موجب افزایش معنی‌دار در عملکرد پرش عمودی (به ترتیب با 0/03=p و 0/03=p) و دوی سرعت (به ترتیب با 0/04=p و 0/04=p)؛ و کشش‌های ایستا (s5×2) و (s10×2) موجب کاهش معنی‌دار در عملکرد چابکی (به ترتیب با 0/02=p و 0/04=p)؛ و کشش PNF تنها موجب کاهش معنی‌دار در عملکرد پرش عمودی (0/02=p) گردیدند. نتیجه گیری: کشش بالستیک نسبت به دیگر روش‌های کشش، در زمان گرم کردن برتری دارد. از کشش‌های ایستا و PNF می توان در زمان‌های کوتاه استفاده کرد، اما زمان بیشتر از 20 ثانیه در این گونه کشش‌ها، موجب افت عملکرد پرش عمودی، چابکی و دوی سرعت در بازیکنان فوتبال مرد جوان می‌گردد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Acute Effects of Static, ballistic and Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) Stretching on vertical jump and Agility and fifty-meter sprint performance in Youth Soccer Players
نویسندگان [English]
- Amirabbas Monazzami 1
- Sajad Monazzami 2
- Ahmad Hematfar 3
- Amirhossein Monazzami 4
1 Department of Sport Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
2 MSc Student at Islamic Azad University Boroujerd branch, Boroujerd, Iran
3 Assistance Professor at Islamic Azad University Boroujerd branch, Boroujerd, Iran
4 Department of Sport Management, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]
Background and Aim: During warming up, the use of different types and timing of stretching are very critical, therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the acute effect of static, ballistic and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching on vertical jump, agility and fifty-meter sprint performance in youth soccer players. Materials and Methods: Among 30 youth soccer players who had at least 2 years of training experiences, eleven players were randomly selected, and then divided into six groups, including static stretch (2×5s and 2×10s), dynamic stretch (2×5s and 2×10s) and PNF stretch (10s×6s×15s) and control group. Counter movement jump test, balsom agility test and fifty-meter sprint performance test were used for measuring variables. Two-way ANOVA repeated measure also was used for statistical analyzing of data, and the significant level was set at pResults: The result showed that ballistic stretches (2×5s and 2×10s) have significant increase (p=0.03 & p=0.03 respectively) on vertical jump performance and 50-meter sprint performance (p=0.04 & p=0.04 respectively). The result also showed that static stretches (2×5s and 2×10s) have significant decrease on agility (p=0.02 & p=0.04, respectively) and PNF stretch has only significant decrease on vertical jump performance (p=0.02). Conclusion: The results showed the predominance of ballistic stretching as compared to other methods during the warming-up period. Static and PNF stretches can also use during the short bursts, but, the static and PNF stretches more than 20 seconds, can be lead to decrease the vertical jump, agility and fifty-meter sprint performance in youth soccer players.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- stretch
- Vertical jump
- Agility
- fifty-meter sprint performance
- Soccer
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