رابطه بین شیوع و علل آسیب های ورزشی و زیان های مالی آن در وزنه برداران لیگ برتر ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه تهران / پردیس بین المللی کیش

2 دانشگاه گیلان / دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی

3 دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد کرج / گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی

چکیده

زمینه و هدف: وزنه برداری به عنوان یک رشته قدرتی علاوه بر سازگاری های عضلانی – اسکلتی خاص، با آسیب های متفاوتی نیز  همراه است، از این رو هدف از تحقیق حاضر مطالعه رابطه بین شیوع و علل آسیب های ورزشی و زیان های مالی آن در وزنه برداران لیگ برتر بود. روش تحقیق: تعداد 100 وزنه بردار حاضر در لیگ سال 1391 با میانگین سنی30/2±54/25 سال و سابقه ورزشی 26/2±91/8 سال، به عنوان نمونه آماری انتخاب شدند. اطلاعات تحقیق در طی دو سال قبل، از طریق یک پرسشنامه محقق ساخته که بر مبنای پرسشنامه آسیب فولر و دیگران (سال2006) تدوین شده بود، جمع آوری گردید. روایی پرسشنامه توسط اساتید تایید و پایایی آن با استفاده از آلفای کرونباخ، ضریب 87/0 به دست آمد. اطلاعات مربوط به هزینهها از طریق چک لیست ثبت هزینه های آسیب، جمع آوری شد. داده ها با استفاده از روش های آمار توصیفی و ضریب همبستگی پیرسون  در سطح 05/0≥p مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفتند. یافته ها: سهم آسیب ها در اندام فوقانی 92/38 درصد، اندام تحتانی 33/42 درصد و در سر و صورت و گردن 82/6 درصد به دست آمد. همچنین بیشترین میزان آسیب با  79/24 درصد، مربوط به کشیدگی در اندام تحتانی و بیشترین میزان هزینه آسیب مربوط به زانو بود. مهم ترین عامل خطرزا در بروز آسیب ها، عدم رعایت اصول علمی تمرینات مقاومتی گزارش شد. رابطه معنی داری بین میزان هزینه با میزان شیوع آسیب در اندام تحتانی (57/0-=r،0001/0=p) مشاهده گردید. سایر نتایج نشان داد که بین میزان شیوع آسیب با استفاده نکردن از کمربند (13/0-=r، 04/0=p) و گرم نکردن قبل از تمرین (23/0-= r، 03/0=p) در اندام فوقانی، رابطه معنی داری وجود دارد. همچنین رابطه معنی داری بین میزان شیوع آسیب با استفاده نکردن از زانوبند (19/0-=r، 02/0=p)، کمربند (29/0-=r، 01/0=p) و گرم نکردن قبل از تمرین (23/0-=r، 04/0=p) در اندام تحتانی، به دست آمد. نتیجه گیری: با انجام تمرینات مقاومتی ویژه وزنه برداری به خصوص در اندام تحتانی، گرم کردن اختصاصی و استفاده از کمربند وزنه برداری، می توان به پیشگیری از آسیب دیدگی وزنه برداران و کاهش هزینه ها،کمک کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Relationship between incidence and causes of sport injuries and its costs in Iranian premier league weightlifters

نویسندگان [English]

  • Abolfazl Khouri 1
  • Hassan Daneshmandi 2
  • Alireza Rahimi 3
1
2
3
چکیده [English]

Background and Aim: Weightlifting can be considered as a resistance sport with common injuries that needs to special skeletalo-muscular
adaptation. The aim of this research was to study the relationship between sport injuries incidence and causes and its financial costs in Iranian premier league weightlifters. Materials and Methods: 100 weightlifters in the 2012 weightlifting league with a mean age 25/54±2/30 years and 8/91±2/26 years of sport background were selected as statistical sample. All weightlifters of the league were selected as statistical sample. Data of research during two last years were collected by researcher through a questionnaire that modified by researcher based on Fuller and et al (2006) injury questionnaire. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire was proved by expertise, and Cronbach›s alpha 0.87 respectively. Information about costs was collected by a check list of cost registration. The data was analyzed by using statistical descriptive and Pearson correlation coefficient at p≤0.05. Results: The results showed that the incidence of the injuries was as: upper extremity %38.92, the lower extremity %0.42 and at head, face and neck %6.82. Moreover, the lower extremity strain was the most common injury as %24.79, but the highest cost was scored for the knee injury about 11000 dollars. No significant relationship was found between injury cost and incidence of injury in upper extremity and all organs, however, the relationship between injury cost with incidence of injury in lower extremity was significant (r=-0. 57, p=0.0001). The results also showed a significant relationship between injuries incidence with non-using protective belt (r=-0.13, p=0.04), and also with no warming up (r=-0.23, p=0.03) before exercises in the upper extremity. Moreover, the results showed a significant relationship between the injuries incidence and non-using knee pads (r=-0.19, p=0.02), and belt (r=-0.29, p=0.01) and no warming up (r=-0.23, p= 0.04) before exercise in the lower extremities. Conclusion: Applying a preventive strategies including special physical fitness program for weightlifters, adequate warming up, stretching program, use of protective device as belt and knee brace could have a important role to reduce the direct and indirect costs of them.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Weightlifting
  • Injury incidence
  • Risk factors
  • Injury costs

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