Mina Tafazoli; Sadegh Cheragh-Birjandi
Abstract
Semaphorin 3C and lipocalin 2 are relatively new adipokines. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of eight weeks of intense resistance and intermittent training on the expression of : semaphorin 3C, lipocalin 2 and Lee index in obese elderly rats. Materials and Methods In this experimental ...
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Semaphorin 3C and lipocalin 2 are relatively new adipokines. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of eight weeks of intense resistance and intermittent training on the expression of : semaphorin 3C, lipocalin 2 and Lee index in obese elderly rats. Materials and Methods In this experimental study, 30 elderly Wistar male rats with an average age of 22-20 months and an average initial weight of 250 ± 20 grams were divided into three groups: control, intense intermittent exercise and resistance exercise (each group ten rats). The resistance training protocol consisted of eight weeks and five weekly sessions of climbing a one-meter ladder with 26 steps and the intense interval training protocol included three warm-up parts, the main body consisting of periodic repetitions and cooling down. Real Time-PCR method was used to measure the expression of semaphorin 3C and lipocalin 2 genes. The statistical method of one-way analysis of variance and Tukey's post hoc test was used to determine the difference between groups at a significance level of p ≤ 0.05. Results: The results of this study showed that both resistance and intense interval training models caused a significant decrease in Semaphorin 3C, lipocalin 2 gene expression and Lee's index compared to the control group. but no difference was observed between the experimental groups. Conclusion: According to the results of this study, it seems that intense intermittent and resistance exercises with a positive effect on the expression of semaphorin 3C gene, lipocalin 2 and the Lee index can be considered as an effective solution in the field of increasing lipolysis and reducing disorders related to overweight and obesity. be taken It is also suggested to use this type of exercise in sports programs for the elderly as an effective exercise method to improve performance and body composition.
Behnaz Shokri; Hamid Mohebbi; Javad Mehrabani
Abstract
Background and Aim: Fructose intake contributes to fat buildup and systemic inflammation in the liver, which can impair its function and result in fibrosis. In contrast, physical activity and vitamin D3 supplementation have demonstrated anti-inflammatory effects. This study aimed to assess the effects ...
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Background and Aim: Fructose intake contributes to fat buildup and systemic inflammation in the liver, which can impair its function and result in fibrosis. In contrast, physical activity and vitamin D3 supplementation have demonstrated anti-inflammatory effects. This study aimed to assess the effects of High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT), vitamin D3 supplementation, and their combined influence on inflammation and liver function markers in male Sprague-Dawley rats subjected to a high-fructose diet. Materials and Methods: Forty rats were allocated into five groups (n = 8 each): Control with Standard Diet (CS), Control with High Fructose Diet (10% (w/v) fructose solution in tap water) (CF), High Fructose Diet with HIIT (high intensity interval training, corresponding to 85%–90% of the maximal speed) (FT), High Fructose Diet with Vitamin D3 supplementation (FD), and High Fructose Diet with both HIIT and Vitamin D3 (FTD). The intervention was conducted over 12 weeks. Various assays (ELISA, GOD-POD, auto analyzer, coagulation analyzer) and staining methods (Masson's trichrome, immunofluorescence) were utilized to assess levels of insulin, interlukin-1ß (IL-1ß), interlukin-10 (IL-10), fasting blood glucose, albumin, leukocytes, prothrombin time (PT), liver fibrosis, and macrophage polarization (M1 and M2). The data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) at a significance level of p<0.05. Results: Both HIIT and vitamin D3 supplementation led to significant reductions in IL-1ß, IL-10, M1 and M2 macrophage polarization, leukocytes, PT, while significantly increasing serum albumin levels. HIIT proved to be more effective than vitamin D3 in reducing cytokine levels and PT. The combined approach of HIIT and vitamin D3 exhibited a greater impact on all measured factors. Conclusion: HIIT is more effective than vitamin D3 supplementation in reducing hepatic inflammation and improving liver function. The combination of HIIT and vitamin D3 supplementation offers additional protective benefits against the negative effects of a high-fructose diet.
Hadi Golpasandi; Mohammad Rahman Rahimi
Abstract
Background and Aim: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) affects mitochondrial integrity and function through chronic hyperglycemia. This study aimed to investigate the combined effect of high intensity interval training (HIIT) and vitamin D3 injection on mitophagy-related proteins in heart tissue of T2DM ...
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Background and Aim: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) affects mitochondrial integrity and function through chronic hyperglycemia. This study aimed to investigate the combined effect of high intensity interval training (HIIT) and vitamin D3 injection on mitophagy-related proteins in heart tissue of T2DM rats. Materials and Methods: Forty Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups: healthy control (NC), diabetes control (DC), diabetes + HIIT (D+HIIT), diabetes + vitamin D3 (D+VD3), diabetes + HIIT + vitamin D3 (D+HIIT+VD3) were included. T2DM was induced by feeding mice with a high-fat diet followed by streptozotocin injection. The HIIT protocol consisted of running on a treadmill in short bursts of high-intensity activity, 90-85% of maximum running speed and 49 minutes and vitamin D3 was injected subcutaneously weekly (10,000 IU/kg). 48 hours after the intervention, heart tissue samples were collected and PARKIN and PINK-1 proteins were measured using western blot method. In addition, serum glucose level, insulin resistance and time to exhaustion were measured. The research hypotheses were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Bonferroni's post hoc test. Results: The results showed that T2DM significantly decreased PARKIN and PINK-1 levels in heart tissue (P=0.018, p=0.036). However, both HIIT training and vitamin D3 interventions, individually and in combination, significantly increased PARKIN and PINK-1 protein content (P=0.001). In addition, the combined intervention of HIIT and vitamin D3 also led to a significant improvement in serum glucose level, insulin resistance and aerobic capacity compared to the diabetic control group (P=0.001). Conclusion: It seems that the combination of HIIT and vitamin D3 appears to enhance mitophagy, offering a protective effect against mitochondrial and metabolic dysfunctions caused by T2DM. This synergy not only helps mitigate the adverse effects of T2DM but also improves overall metabolic health and physical performance in the animal model.
Elham Ghasemi; Shila Nayebi far; Fateme Nora
Abstract
Background and Aim: Angiopoietin-like proteins type 3 (ANGPTL3) and 4 (ANGPTL4) are emerging regulators of fat metabolism that play a role in obesity-related diseases such as cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this research was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of high intensity interval training ...
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Background and Aim: Angiopoietin-like proteins type 3 (ANGPTL3) and 4 (ANGPTL4) are emerging regulators of fat metabolism that play a role in obesity-related diseases such as cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this research was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of high intensity interval training (HIIT) with spirulina supplementation on serum levels of ANGPTL3, ANGPTL4 and lipid profile in obese elderly women. Materials and Methods: This study is a randomized clinical trial with a pre-test and post-test design. A number of 60 obese elderly women (mean age: 60.72±6.24 years; body mass index: 31.20±3.53 kg/m2) were selected by purposive sampling method and randomly divided into four equal groups supplement + training, placebo + training, supplement and control. The training groups performed intensity interval training (three sessions per week) for eight weeks, while the supplement groups consumed two 500 mg spirulina capsules daily. Research variables were measured at the beginning and end of the study. The data were analyzed using analysis of covariance and Tukey's post hoc and using SPSS version 22 software at a significance level of p≤ 0.05. Results: After eight weeks of HIIT with spirulina consumption, the serum levels of ANGPTL3 (p<0.01), ANGPTL4 (p<0.001), triglyceride (p<0.001), weight (p<0.001) ) and body fat percentage (p<0.001) decreased in supplement + training, placebo + training and supplement groups. While the levels of total cholesterol (p<0.001) and low-density lipoprotein (p<0.001) showed a significant decrease and high-density lipoprotein (p<0.001) showed a significant increase only in supplement + training and placebo + training groups. Conclusion: It seems that HIIT and spirulina supplement regulate lipid metabolism and improve lipid profile and reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases in obese elderly.
Mohammad Rami; Samane Rahdar; Maryam Azimpour; Kayvan Khoramipour
Abstract
Background and Aim: Diabetes can causes disturbances in glucose homeostasis and negative changes in the heart muscle. Since physical activity in people with diabetes may affect the heart tissue, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of high intensity interval training (HIIT) on content ...
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Background and Aim: Diabetes can causes disturbances in glucose homeostasis and negative changes in the heart muscle. Since physical activity in people with diabetes may affect the heart tissue, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of high intensity interval training (HIIT) on content of FOXO3, PI3K and AKT proteins in the heart tissue of Wistar rats with type two diabetes. Materials and Methods: In the present study, 36 male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: diabetes - control, diabetes - exercise, control – healthy, and exercise - healthy. After two months of high-fat diet and induction of diabetes by Streptozotocin (35 mg/kg) in diabetes-control and diabetes-exercise groups, the animals in diabetes-exercise and exercise-healthy groups performed the HIIT protocol based on a percentage of Vmax achieved, that it was with two-minutes intervals and increasing number of intervals for eight weeks and five sessions per week. 48 hours after the last training session, cardiac tissue was extracted and the content of FOXO3, PI3K and AKT proteins were assessed using Western blotting. In addition, a histological study was performed at the tissue level using hematoxylin and Eosin staining. To analyze the data one-way analysis of variance and Tukey tests were used at a significance level of p<0.05. Results: The content of FOXO3 protein in diabetic groups significantly increased compared to healthy groups (p=0.001). In addition, the content of PI3K and AKT proteins in diabetes-control group also significantly decreased compared to healthy groups (p=0.001 and p=0.009, respectively), while the content of these two proteins significantly increased after training (p=0.01 and p=0.001, respectively). Moreover, at the tissue level of heart, the thickness and length of cardiac myocytes significantly increased due to diabetes (p=0.001); while after HIIT, this pathological hypertrophy reduced (p=0.02 and p=0.01, respectively). Conclusion: Finally, it can be stated that although the use of this training method did not show a change in the amount of FOXO3 protein, but it was able to increase the amount of PI3K and AKT proteins and improve the pathological hypertrophy caused by diabetes.
Parvane Dolataabadi; Ramin Amirsasan; Javad Vakili
Abstract
Background and Aim: Asprosin where secreted from adipose tissue plays a key role in regulating glucose metabolism and appetite, and could be a therapeutic target for the prevention of diseases such as obesity, type II diabetes, and insulin resistance. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate ...
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Background and Aim: Asprosin where secreted from adipose tissue plays a key role in regulating glucose metabolism and appetite, and could be a therapeutic target for the prevention of diseases such as obesity, type II diabetes, and insulin resistance. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on serum Asprosin and lipid profile in overweight and obese women. Materials and Methods: Thirty overweight and obese women (BMI≥28) with an age range of 30-45 years were purposefully selected in a quasi-experimental research with pre - test to post-test design. They randomly divided into two groups including 15 subjects in every HIIT and control group. The protocol was included preparation period for two weeks, eight weeks for the HIIT, and also they performed three sessions per week with 100% maximum reserve heart rate. Blood samples were taken before and 48 hours after the last training session (following 10 weeks of training). The amount of Asprosin and lipid profile were measured by ELISA and spectrophotometry methods respectively. Data were analyzed using Independent t-test and paired sample t-test at a significant level of p<0.05. Results: After 10 weeks of intervention, HIIT group showed a significant decrease in amount of Asprosin (p=0.02), triglyceride (p=0.01), total cholesterol (p=0.01), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (p=0.01), very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (p=0.01), weight (p=0.0001), fat percentage (p=0.0001) and BMI (p=0.0001), but a significant increase also observed in maximal oxygen consumption (p=0.0001). However, no significant increase in high density lipoprotein cholesterol (p>0.05) was observed. Conclusion: Probably HIIT as a non-pharmacological and effective method can reduce serum Asprosin and lipid profile in overweight and obese women and therefore improve their body composition.
Rasoul Eslami; Parham Amini; Bakhtyar Tartibian
Abstract
Background and Aim: Increased free radicals and oxidative stress are among the factors that can accelerate the aging process. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on oxidant and antioxidant capacity and motor performance indices ...
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Background and Aim: Increased free radicals and oxidative stress are among the factors that can accelerate the aging process. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on oxidant and antioxidant capacity and motor performance indices in the elderly people. Materials and Methods: The participants of this study were 24 elderly people (age=71.88±5.06 year) from Bandar Abbas city. Subjects were randomly divided into two groups including control (n=12) and HIIT (n=12). Then, the subjects in the training group performed training protocol, three days a week for eight weeks. During each session, the subjects performed four three-minute workouts with an intensity of 85 to 95% maximal heart rate with three active sets of three-minute rest with 65 to 75 maximal heart rate. Twenty four hours before and 48 hours after last session of HIIT, the variables were measured via standard tests. The analysis of covariance test was used to analyze the data at significant level of p≤0.05. Results: Eight weeks of HIIT significantly reduced the total oxidant status, but the total antioxidant capacity and serum levels of sestrin-2 showed significant increase (p<0.001) in the elderly people. Moreover, eight weeks of HIIT improved the gait speed (p<0.001), timed-up-and-go (p<0.05), and maximal oxygen uptake (p<0.001). However, these training protocol could not have a significant effect on time of chair stand test (p=0.22). Conclusion: HIIT can be use as a useful exercise training method in the elderly people with attention of training considerations.
Gabrial Pouzesh Jadidi; Farnaz Seifi-Skishahr; Lotfali Bolboli; Karim Azali Alamdari; Amenh Pourrahim Ghouroghch
Abstract
Background and Aim: Imbalance of some microRNAs and its cell apoptosis has an important role in myocardial infarction. Based on the role of curcumin supplementation and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on myocardial infarction, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of these types ...
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Background and Aim: Imbalance of some microRNAs and its cell apoptosis has an important role in myocardial infarction. Based on the role of curcumin supplementation and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on myocardial infarction, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of these types of training and supplementation on left ventricular gene expression levels of miR-133 and miR-1 in the isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction (MI) rat model. Materials and Methods: Forty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups as: HIIT, curcumin, HIIT+curcumin and control groups, following induction of MI via intraperitoneal injection of isopretrenol (100 mg/kg/day) within two consecutive days. The HIIT protocol was performed during eight weeks (five sessions per week), each session was consisted of 10 bouts of running occasions (each for four min) at 85 - 90% of vVo2max with two min rest intervals at 50 to 60% of vVO2max. Moreover, Curcumin (15 mg/kg) was administered daily via gavage. The gene expression levels of miR-1 and miR-133 were evaluated using Real-Time PCR method and the data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and Tukey post hoc test at the significance level of p<0.05. Results: Although, in all three intervention groups of HIIT, curcumin and HIIT+curcumin, the cardiomyocytes miR-1 gene expression level was significantly lower (p=0.001), while miR-133 expression level was higher (p=0.001) than control group. However, gene expression in both variables after HIIT+curcumin showed more changes than curcumin group (p=0.006 and p=0.01 respectively). Conclusion: Probably, curcumin supplementation along with HIIT training after myocardial infarction is associated with improvement of cardiac function; but due to research limitations, more research is needed.
Ali-Reza Ghamari; Mehran Ghahramani; Nahid Mohammadi javid
Abstract
Background and Aim: An inactive lifestyle is associated with an increased risk of obesity, increased insulin resistance, and cardiovascular diseases while nutritional interventions along with the implementation of exercise programs, can be considered as a modify controlling of these impairments. The ...
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Background and Aim: An inactive lifestyle is associated with an increased risk of obesity, increased insulin resistance, and cardiovascular diseases while nutritional interventions along with the implementation of exercise programs, can be considered as a modify controlling of these impairments. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of high intensity interval (HIIT) and moderate intensity continuous (MICT) training along with peppermint extract consumption on body composition and serum level of Nesfatin-1 in overweight men. Materials and Methods: Forty eight non-athletes healthy overweight men 25 to 35 years old, body mass index of 25 to 30 kg/m2 were purposefully selected and randomly divided into six groups including: 1) placebo, 2) peppermint, 3) MICT + placebo, 4) HIIT + placebo, 5) MICT + peppermint, and 6) HIIT + peppermint (n=8 in each group). Interventions were performed for six weeks. MICT and HIIT protocols were implemented with an intensity of 60-75% and 90-100% of the maximum heart rate of the reserve, respectively, with repetition of three sessions a week, and the supplement groups also consumed 50 microliters of peppermint essential oil in combination with 500 ml of water. Data were analyzed through SPSS18 using a mixed-design analysis of variance in a six groups and two times at p≤0.05 level. Results: The MICT and HIIT (both) significantly reduced the percentage of body fat in overweight men (p<0.05); however, there was no significant difference in the amount of lean body mass and Nesfatin-1 (p>0.05). Conclusion: Six-week of intervention with consumption of peppermint essential oil (with consumed dose) separately and in combination with MICT and HIIT were not enough for improvement of Nesfatin-1 and lean body mass in overweight men.
Roghaieh Fakhrpour; Sima Esmaeili; Manouchehr Khoshbaten
Abstract
Background and Aim: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is a liver inflammation caused by excessive accumulation of fat in the liver tissue. This condition could impair the normal functioning of liver tissue, such as liver failure or cirrhosis. Exercise and physical activity can potentially be considered ...
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Background and Aim: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is a liver inflammation caused by excessive accumulation of fat in the liver tissue. This condition could impair the normal functioning of liver tissue, such as liver failure or cirrhosis. Exercise and physical activity can potentially be considered as an effective method in reducing liver fat. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on serum levels of fibroblast growth factor-21, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, lipid profile and insulin resistance in women with fatty liver. Materials and Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 28 women with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease participated as an available sample and randomly divided into two groups of control (n=14) and exercise (n=14). HIIT program were performed for eight weeks, three times a week and each session was conducted for 60 minutes. Dependent variables were done 72 hours before the first and after the last training session. Data were analyzed by paired and independent t-tests at the significant level of p<0.05. Results: After eight weeks of HIIT, fibroblast growth factor-21 (p=0.03) and high density lipoprotein cholestrol (p=0.01) significantly increased. On the other hand, aspartate amino transferase (p=0.04), alanine amino transferase (p=0.03), low density lipoprotein cholestrol (p=0.01) and triglyceride (p=0.005) significantly decreased while insulin resistance remained unchanged (p=0.24). Conclusion: By performing HIIT, it can be expected that the risk factors in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease could be improve.
Nooshin Salehi aghdam; Rogayeh pouzesh jadidi; Karim Azali Alamdari; Jabbar Bashiri; Mir Ali Reza Nourazar
Abstract
Background and Aim: Arsenic exposure could likely lead to hepatic apoptosis and metabolic disturbances and high intensity interval training (HIIT) as well as curcumin supplementation seems to improve this condition. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of HIIT and curcumin supplementation ...
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Background and Aim: Arsenic exposure could likely lead to hepatic apoptosis and metabolic disturbances and high intensity interval training (HIIT) as well as curcumin supplementation seems to improve this condition. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of HIIT and curcumin supplementation on hepatic nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) and caspase-3 as well as blood total antioxidant capacity (TAC), glucose, triglyceride (TG), and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) in rats exposed to arsenic. Materials and Methods: During the experimental study, 48 male rats were randomized into six groups of arsenic-HIIT (HIIT), arsenic-curcumin (curcumin), arsenic-HIIT-curcumin (concomitant), arsenic, ethanol control, and normal control. Arsenic and curcumin (5 and 15 mg/bw/day respectively) were consumed by gavage method. HIIT performed six weeks, five d/w, 60 min/session, consisted of running bouts (four min) at 85-90% of vVo2max with two min active rest intervals. The data were measured using colorimetry and Wester blotting and were analyzed by one-way ANOVA at the p<0.05. Results: Hepatic caspase-3 as well as blood glucose and TG were significantly higher, and blood TAC and HDL levels were lower in arsenic group compared to normal control (p=0.001 under any circumstances). However, blood HDL, glucose and TAC in all three groups of HIIT, curcumin and concomitant as well as liver caspase-3 just in concomitant group had not significant difference as compared to control group (p>0.05). Additionally, hepatic NRF2 were elevated to levels even higher than control group in curcumin and concomitantc groups (p=0.001). Conclusion: Although the up-regulated blood TG-induced by arsenic could not restore with HIIT, curcumin or concomitant interventions, however, three interventions efficiently restore the elevated blood glucose and also the lowered HDL and TAC. Moreover, increased hepatic caspase-3 was only corrected with concomitant intervention, while only curcumin could restore the lowered levels of hepatic NRF2 induced by arsenic.
Somayeh Saeedi; Najmeh Rezaeian; Maryam Karimi
Abstract
Background and Aim: Fetuin-A is a liver-secreted cytokine that has been linked to a number of diseases correlated to obesity and its related metabolic diseases such as insulin resistance and type II diabetes. The purpose of this study was to investigate effects of high intensity interval training (HIIT) ...
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Background and Aim: Fetuin-A is a liver-secreted cytokine that has been linked to a number of diseases correlated to obesity and its related metabolic diseases such as insulin resistance and type II diabetes. The purpose of this study was to investigate effects of high intensity interval training (HIIT) on serum levels of Fetuin-A, insulin, fasting glucose, and insulin resistance in young obese women. Materials and Methods: Twenty obese women randomly divided into two groups including experimental (mean age 32.5±4.14 years, and body mass index 33.18±6.12 Kg/m2) and control (mean age 35.45±2.33 years, and body mass index 31.58±1.65 Kg/m2) groups. Subjects in experimental group participated in the eight weeks of HIIT including one minute of running interval up to 90-95 percent of maximal heart rate and 1-3 minutes of rest interval up to 50-60 percent of maximal heart rate, 20 minutes per session, and three sessions per week. Blood factors and body composition indices were assessed before and after training protocol. Statistical analysis was done by the covariance and paired t-test at the significant level of p < 0.05. Results: Based on the covariance analysis, the changes in serum levels of Fetuin-A (p=0.04), insulin (p=0.03), weight (p=0.001), body mass index (p=0.005), body fat percent (p=0.0001), and waist circumference (p=0.002) were significantly decreased after HIIT compared to control group. Conclusion: It seems that decreased level of Fetuin-A following HIIT do not play a role in improving insulin resistance in young sedentary obese women.
Mohsen Jafari
Abstract
Background and Aim: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors beta and gamma (PPARβ and PPARγ) are stimulator of genes expression involved in reverse cholesterol transport and anti-oxidant defense, thus gene expression and activity of this substance can be one of beneficial mechanisms in ...
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Background and Aim: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors beta and gamma (PPARβ and PPARγ) are stimulator of genes expression involved in reverse cholesterol transport and anti-oxidant defense, thus gene expression and activity of this substance can be one of beneficial mechanisms in prevention of atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of high intensity interval training (HIIT) and low intensity continuous training (LICT) after high fat diet (HFD) on PPARβ and PPARγ genes expression in male Wistar rats. Materials and Methods: This experimental study involved two phases of fattening (13 weeks) and training (12 weeks, 5 sessions per week). After fattening phase, subjects assigned into three groups as: control, HIIT and LICT. Analysis of PPARβ and PPARγ genes expression was done using polymerase chain reaction technique after trainings. Results were obtained using Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney U tests in level of P≤0.05. Results: The PPARβ and PPAR γ genes expression were different between control group with HIIT (P=0.008) and LICT (P=0.008) and between HIIT with LICT (P=0.008); so that higher levels of PPARβ and PPAR γ genes expression observed in HIIT group and lower levels were in control group. Conclusion: Results of this study showed that regular HIIT and LICT through elevation of PPARβ and PPARγ genes expression may be effective in reduction of heart attack risk and HIIT are more effective than LICT.
Masoud Moeini; Naser Behpoor; Vahid Tadibi
Abstract
Background and Aim: The term of diabetic heart disease has veen defined as the term of diabetic heart disease in the presence of a heart problem by the institute of National Health, particularly in some diabetic patient which pathologic left ventricular hypertrophy. However, physical activity can be ...
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Background and Aim: The term of diabetic heart disease has veen defined as the term of diabetic heart disease in the presence of a heart problem by the institute of National Health, particularly in some diabetic patient which pathologic left ventricular hypertrophy. However, physical activity can be affect structurally and functionally the myocardium in diabetic patients. Nevertheless; the molecular regulation of physiological heart growth has not been studied well as a supplement therapy protocol against pathologic hypertrophy. Therefore, the present study investigated the effect of 8 weeks of high intensity interval training (HIIT) on phosphatidylinositol kinase 3 (PI3K) gene expression, insulin resistance, heart weight, glucose and serum insulin in male Wistar rats with type 2 diabetes. Materials and Methods: Twenty male Wistar rats, 10 weeks old, weight 120±20gr were randomly divided into two groups including HIIT and control groups. After familiarization, the training group was participated in an 8-week of training protocol, 5 sessions per week, for 30 minutes per session. The gene expression of PI3K, insulin resistance, serum glucose and insulin levels were measured by the RT-PCR, HOMA -IR hemostasis, and ELISA methods respectively. The data were analyzed by the t-test for independent groups at pResults: The result indicated that in the HIIT group, PI3K expression was significantly higher than control group (p < 0.003). The insulin resistance (p < 0.0001) and serum glucose index (p < 0.0001) were significantly decreased, while serum insulin increased significantly (p < 0.04). In addition, heart weight significantly increased in the exercise group (p < 0.0001). Conclusion: HIIT exercise increases the expression of PI3K gene, stimulates the physiological molecular pathway of hypertrophy and could plays a role in preventing left ventricular hypertrophy as a complementary treatment.
Asieh Mirzaaghajani; Hasan Alikhani; Zahra Hojjati; Mohammadali Gharaat
Abstract
Background and Aim: Since the use of interval training could be affected on aerobic performance, the effects of twotypes of continuous and high intensity interval training on aerobic performance in elite rowers were discussed in thepresent study. Materials and Methods: Among sixty elite male rowers that ...
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Background and Aim: Since the use of interval training could be affected on aerobic performance, the effects of twotypes of continuous and high intensity interval training on aerobic performance in elite rowers were discussed in thepresent study. Materials and Methods: Among sixty elite male rowers that participated in inter-country rowingchampionship, eighteen rowers (who selected as Iran national team members) divided randomly into two groups(continuous training and high intensity interval training). Rowing ergometer (Concept 2 model) and gas analyzer device was used, moreover simultaneously physiological factors measured (VO2max and VVo2max with gas analayzer, Tmax with chronometer). The training protocol in continuous group was consisted of 10 km rowing for three weeks (10 sessions per week) with 70-75% of maximum heart rate. High intensity interval (HIIT) group was done 8 sessions of continuous training per week plus 2 sessions of HIIT (including 6 sets X 1 minute ergo performance X 100% VVo2max). To analyze data, t-test was used to compare the differences within and between groups and the level of significance was set as prespectively) and VVo2max (p=0.02, p=0.004 respectively) in post-test. Moreover, the Tmax was increased in the HIIT group significantly (p=0.001). The results of independent t-test in VO2max (p= 0.52), VVo2max (p=0.42) and Tmax (p=0.14) did not show any significant differences. Conclusion: These findings showed although both types of training schedules improved VO2max and VVo2max; however improvement rate after HIIT training was no significantly higher. With accounting of only 20 percent of high intensity interval training sessions, a definitive statement about comparing the two types of exercises, further study needs.
Reza Gharari Arefi; Sirous Chubineh; Mohammad Reza Kordi
Abstract
Background and Aim: There is inverse relationship between physical activity and inflammatory biomarkers; so the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a high intensity interval training course on erythrocyte sedimentation rate of sedentary young men. Materials and Methods: For this purpose, ...
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Background and Aim: There is inverse relationship between physical activity and inflammatory biomarkers; so the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a high intensity interval training course on erythrocyte sedimentation rate of sedentary young men. Materials and Methods: For this purpose, 18 sedentary male (age=23.80±1.71 years, height=178.22±5.89 cm, weight=74.27±6.91kg) were voluntarily chosen and randomly divided into training and control groups. The training group performed high intensity interval training (high 90 percent) for 6 weeks and 3 sessions per week. The hematocrit, hemoglobin and red blood cells and erythrocyte sedimentation rate were measured by flow cytometry and Westergren method respectively, before and after 6 weeks of high intensity interval training from all subjects, in the fasting state. The dependent t-test and independent t- test were used to analyze the data of study at p< 0.05. Results: The results of this study showed that six-weeks of high intensity interval training reduce the significantly erythrocyte sedimentation rate (p=0.004), body fat (p=0.01), plasma hematocrit (p= 0.002), plasma hemoglobin (p=0.001) and plasma red blood cell count (p = 0.001) and increase the volume of plasma in the training group. Conclusion: The results suggest that the high intensity interval training could be considered as a important factor to improve blood variables associated with the reduction of risk of cardiovascular disease in sedentary young men.
