Hamide Nakhayi; Mehdi Mogharnasi; Mohammad Esmaeil Afzalpour; Mohammadali Sardar
Abstract
Background and Aim: NAFLD disease is strongly associated with insulin resistance in the liver and surrounding tissues, such as skeletal muscles and fat tissue, and regular physical exercise can be effective on human health and disease prevention and even treatment. The aim of the present study was to ...
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Background and Aim: NAFLD disease is strongly associated with insulin resistance in the liver and surrounding tissues, such as skeletal muscles and fat tissue, and regular physical exercise can be effective on human health and disease prevention and even treatment. The aim of the present study was to compare the effect of intense intermittent exercise and continuous aerobic exercise on the serum levels of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor and fetoin A and insulin sensitivity in male rats with non-alcoholic fatty liver caused by a high-fat diet. Materials and Methods: The research method was experimental. 40 male desert rats aged 6-8 weeks with a weight between 150 and 180 grams were prepared and randomly divided into four groups (10 rats in each group) including intense intermittent exercise (80-95% of consumption). Moderate endurance exercise (50-60% of dietary intake), control (fatty liver disease) and healthy control (standard diet). were divided Sports training for 8 weeks and 5 sessions a week, for any income. For the results, statistical tests of one-way analysis of variance and Tukey were used at the significance level of P<0.05. Results: Intense intermittent training (P=0.008) and moderate continuous training (P=0.033) decreased the serum level of Fetoin-A, and there was no significant difference between the two training effects (P<0.05). Intense intermittent training (P=0.008) and moderate continuous training (P=0.003) increased serum glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor and there was no significant difference between the two training effects (P<0.05). Intense intermittent training (P=0.007) and moderate continuous training (P=0.013) increased insulin sensitivity and there was no significant difference between the two training effects (P<0.05). Conclusion: Intense intermittent and continuous aerobic exercises improved fetoin A levels, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor serum levels, and insulin sensitivity; In addition, both types of exercise have the same effect.
Hasan Naghizadeh; Faeze Heydari
Abstract
Background and Aim: The effect of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) along with curcumin consumption on inflammatory markers in people with metabolic syndrome still is unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of 12 weeks of HIIT along with curcumin consumption on plasma levels of ...
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Background and Aim: The effect of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) along with curcumin consumption on inflammatory markers in people with metabolic syndrome still is unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of 12 weeks of HIIT along with curcumin consumption on plasma levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and C-reactive protein (CRP) in men with type II diabetes along with hyperlipidemia. Materials and Methods: 60 men with type II diabetes and hyperlipidemia (BMI: 31.09 ± 1.51 kg/m2) were randomly and equally divided into four groups (n=15) including HIIT, HIIT+curcumin consumption, curcumin consumption, and placebo-control. HIIT intervention and consumption of 2100 mg of curcumin were performed three times a day for 12 weeks. Sampling was performed 24 hours before the pre-test and 48 hours after the last session. Consequently, IL-6, TNF-alpha and CRP were assayed by ELISA method. Results were extracted using two-way analysis of covariance and Bonferroni post hoc test at the significance level of p<0.05. Result: The results showed that the most significant changes were observed in body mass index with 5.78% decrease (p=0.0001), body fat percentage with 20.62% decrease (p=0.002) and maximum oxygen consumption with 11.74% increase (p=0.04) in the HIIT+curcumin consumption group. Moreover, the interaction effect of HIIT and curcumin consumption significantly decreased TNF-alpha (p=0.01), IL-6 (p=0.01) and CRP (p=0.02). The main effect of HIIT significantly decreased TNF-alpha (p=0.01), IL-6 (p=0.02) and CRP (p=0.03). Also, the main effect of curcumin significantly decreased TNF-alpha (p=0.04), IL-6 (p=0.03) and CRP (p=0.03). The most significant decrease from pre-test to post-test in TNF-alpha (7.87%, p=0.0001), IL-6 (23.09%, p=0.0001) and CRP (53.75%, p=0.0001) was observed in the HIIT+curcumin consumption group. Conclusion: It seems that the HIIT along with curcumin consumption further improves the inflammatory markers of men with type II diabetes along with hyperlipidemia status compared to the effect of each alone.
Seyed Hadi Hosseini; Shadmehr Mirdar Harijani; Mehdi Hedayati
Abstract
Background and Aim: Surfactant protein (SP-A) is most abundant surfactant protein in lungs and plays an important role in eliminating the infection and inflammatory mediators. Further, Adiantum capillus-veneris Linn (Pare-siavashan) composed elements such as flavonoids and saponins maidenhair and may ...
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Background and Aim: Surfactant protein (SP-A) is most abundant surfactant protein in lungs and plays an important role in eliminating the infection and inflammatory mediators. Further, Adiantum capillus-veneris Linn (Pare-siavashan) composed elements such as flavonoids and saponins maidenhair and may play an effective role in inhibiting the inflammatory responses. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of interval training along with Adiantum capillus-veneris Linn supplementation on levels of SP-A in lung male rats. Materials and Methods: Thirty male Wister rats with three weeks old and average weight of 68 ± 9 g were randomly divided into 2 groups including interval training and control groups. The interval training group was divided into three sub-groups including training, supplementation and training+supplementation groups after the end of 6-week interval training. The Adiantum capillus-veneris Linn herbal supplement were fed orally for 3 weeks, with the daily dose of 200 mg per kilogram of body weight. The levels of lung SP-A was measured using Cusabio ELISA kit (China Company). The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and LSD tests at the significant level of p≤0.05. Results: The results showed no significant differences between lung SP-A levels after 6 (p=0.28) and 9 (p=0.14) weeks of interval training compared to control group; however SP-A levels significantly decreased in the training - Adiantum capillus-veneris Linn group (p=0.001) compared to other interventions. Conclusion: Regarding the significant reduction of SP-A after interval training, it seems that supplementation may inhibit the pathophysiological effects of incremental trainings and to reduce the inflammatory parameters well and to strengthen the lung immunity.
Mostafa Shakiba; Mehrdad Fathi; Sara Gholami Avval
Abstract
Background and Aim: Some cytokines are introduced as the predictors of cardiovascular disease risk factors. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 8 weeks of continuous and interval training on serum TNF-ɑ, IL-6 and hs-CRP levels in female basketball players. Materials and Methods: Thirty ...
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Background and Aim: Some cytokines are introduced as the predictors of cardiovascular disease risk factors. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 8 weeks of continuous and interval training on serum TNF-ɑ, IL-6 and hs-CRP levels in female basketball players. Materials and Methods: Thirty eight healthy female basketball players voluntarily participated in this study, and further they randomly divided into three groups including continuous, interval and control groups. Blood samples were collected in both pre and post-test after 12 hours of fasting. Continuous and interval training were performed 3 times per week for eight weeks. Results: Eight weeks of continuous and interval training significantly reduced serum IL-6, TNF-ɑ and hs-CRP levels (p<0.05); while these variables had no significant effect in the control group (p>0.05). Moreover, significant difference were found for IL-6 levels between continuous and control group (p=0.005). The same result also were found for TNF-ɑ levels between interval and control groups (p=0.001) as well as also between continuous training and control group (p=0.03). The mean changes of hs-CRP showed a significant difference between interval and control group (p=0.0001) and also between interval and continuous training group (p=0.01). In this way, Interval training versus aerobic training led to further decrease in levels of IL-6 (20% vs. 13.19%), TNF-ɑ (42.12% vs 29.31%) and hs CRP (52.17% vs 21.17%), respectively. Conclusion: Both of continuous and interval training during eight weeks could significantly decreased inflammatory cytokines levels, moreover, interval training made the most changes in these cytokines. Therefore, continuous and interval training are recommended to prevent and control cardiovascular disease risk factors.
Karim Azali Alamdari
Abstract
Background and Aim: Intracellular adhesion molecules 1 (ICAM-1) is more precise than other inflammatory indices e.g. C reactive protein (CRP) in predicting the future cardiovascular diseases. However, the roles of different types of exercise training on serum ICAM-1 level and also body inflammatory and ...
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Background and Aim: Intracellular adhesion molecules 1 (ICAM-1) is more precise than other inflammatory indices e.g. C reactive protein (CRP) in predicting the future cardiovascular diseases. However, the roles of different types of exercise training on serum ICAM-1 level and also body inflammatory and metabolic states are not fully elucidated in patient with metabolic syndrome (Mets). Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the effects of 8 weeks of high intensity interval and moderate intensity continuous training on serum ICAM-1, CRP and cardiometabolic risk factors in middle-aged men. Materials and Methods: thirty-four male patient with Mets were randomly divided into three groups including high intensity interval training (n=12), moderate-intensity continuous training (n=12) and Control (n=10). The fasting blood sampling and some other variable measurements were measured at baseline and also after (at 9 am) eight weeks of continuous (at 60-70% of RHR) and interval l (at 70-75% of RHR) training protocols (3 running sessions/week). Blood glucose and lipids were measured using ParsAzmoon company enzymatic kits and serum ICAM-1 and CRP levels also detected with Cusabio company ELIZA kits. Data were analyzed using one way ANOVA and paired samples T tests at 95% Statistical significance level. Results: Both the continuous and interval training protocols decreased blood ICAM-1 (p=0.001, p=0.02), CRP (p=0.001, p=0.02), triglyceride (p=0.001, p=0.001), fasting blood sugar (p=0.001, p=0.001), waist circumference (p=0.001, p=0.04), overall Mets z score (p=0.001, p=0.001) and HOMA-IR (p=0.03, p=0.008) respectively, while HDL was significantly increased (p=0.001, p=0.01). However, with regard to HDL (p=0.005), waist circumference (p=0.001) and Mets Z score (p=0.001), moderate-intensity continuous training showed significantly more effectiveness than high intensity interval training. Conclusion: In spite of the equal effectiveness of both training protocols upon serum ICAM-1 and CRP, continuous training had more pronounced effects on waist circumference, blood HDL and overall severity of Mets which makes this protocol a better candidate to be prescribed for patients with Mets.
Hossein TaheriChadorneshin; Seyed-Hosein Abtahi-Eivary; Hossein Shirvani; Mohammad-Reza Yousefi
Abstract
Background and Aim: Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) increases the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), while these two factores are affected by exercise and vitamin E. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of vitamin E succinate supplementation along with continuous and interval exercise ...
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Background and Aim: Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) increases the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), while these two factores are affected by exercise and vitamin E. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of vitamin E succinate supplementation along with continuous and interval exercise trainings on VEGF and H2O2 in rat brain. Material and Methods: Fifty-six Albino Wistar rats (12 years old, 250 to 300 gr) were randomly divided into 7 groups: control (C), vehicle (V), supplements (S), continuous training (CT), continuous training + supplement (CT+S), interval training (IT), interval training + supplementation (IT+S). Rat brain was dissected after 6 weeks of continuous (80% VO2max) and interval exercise training (95 to 100% VO2max) along with vitamin E supplementation (60 mg/kg body weight/day). The content of VEGF and H2O2 were measured using sandwich ELISA and colorimetric assay, respectively. Data were analysed using one-way analysis of variance followed by Bonferroni post-hoc comparison at pResults: Brain H2O2 (p=0.01 and p=0.001, respectively) level and VEGF (p=0.007 and p=0.001, respectively) increased significantly in both of CT and IT groups compare to C group; while the IT resulted in a greater increase in H2O2 and VEGF than those of CT (p=0.02 for both of H2O2 and VEGF). However, vitamin E supplementation had no significant effect on H2O2 (p=0.59, p=0.99 and p=0.51, respectively) and brain VEGF (p=0.99, p=0.99 and p=0.67, respectively) in S, CT + S and IT + S groups. Furthermore, the results showed a positive correlation between BDNF and H2O2 (r=0.73, p=0.001). Conclusion: Performing of exercise training with maximal sprint can result in greater increase in some factors involved in angiogenesis than continuous training; however vitamin E succinate supplementation has not effect on these angiogenic gains.
Mohammad Ali Gharaat; Alireza Ramezani
Abstract
Background and Aim: Interval training have tremendous effects on physiological aspects of athletic performance. Also there are wide range of findings reported about rheological essences of training. The present study was intended to investigate the effects of two different high intensity interval training ...
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Background and Aim: Interval training have tremendous effects on physiological aspects of athletic performance. Also there are wide range of findings reported about rheological essences of training. The present study was intended to investigate the effects of two different high intensity interval training (HIIT) regimens on rowing performance and compare it to traditional rowing training in elite male rowers. Materials and Methods: Thirty elite rowers who represented in Iran national rowing team in 2014 divided into incremental high intensity interval (INC) training (n=10), smooth-like high intensity interval (SMO) training (n=10) and traditional endurance (TRA) training (n=10) randomly (age: 22.4±3.6, height: 187.4±5.9, weight: 83.7±8.7, body fat: 8.7±2.3). Performance characters including VO2max, vRmax, TvRmax, HR and Lactate and also, hemorheological factors were assessed in pre-training. These factors also assessed after a period of 8-week interval training (2 times per week) as post-training. ANOVA was recruited to evaluate the significance level of the changes in 0.05 level using SPSS 16.0. Results: Significant positive increase in VO2max (p=0.0001 and p=0.03 respectively), vRmax (p=0.02 and p=0.02 respectively) and TvRmax of INC and SMO (p=0.03 and p= 0.01 respectively). Also MPO improved in INC (p= 0.02) and SMO (p=0.03). But no any significant change in rheological factors (RBC, Hct, Hb and HCM) was shown between three groups (p≥0.05). Conclusion: Both of interval training regimens improved performance characteristics of the rowers. Nevertheless, INC improves performance in Lactate threshold more than SMO.
Ahmad Mohammadi Moghaddam; Vahid Tadibi; Naser Behpoor
Abstract
Background and Aim: The previous research has indicated that many factors can affect on appetite and energy intake rate. Physical activity can be considered as an important one. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of acute interval aerobic running and endurance weight training on appetite ...
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Background and Aim: The previous research has indicated that many factors can affect on appetite and energy intake rate. Physical activity can be considered as an important one. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of acute interval aerobic running and endurance weight training on appetite in overweight men. Materials and Methods: In a plan of one group with repeated measures, 12 overweight men (25>BMI>30) voluntarily participated in this study. Participants divided randomly into 3 equal groups including interval aerobic training, endurance weight training, and control groups. Training protocols carried out in 3 weeks with one reating week in order to cleaning of plasma. Interval aerobic training consisted 3 sets, 10 minutes exercises with a 5 minutes interval rest at intensity of 13th Borg scale; and endurance weight training included 8 movements and 20 repetitions at 40 percent of one repetition maximum (1RM). Moreover, the level of appetite was assessed by Visual Analog Scale. Results: The desire to eat was significantly reduced 9 hours after exercise than pre-test in both training groups (p=0.01). The t-test results also showed no significant difference between two type of exercises (p=0.80). Although, the fullness feeling was increased 9 hours after the exercise in both training groups, however, this change was significant only in the endurance weights training group (p=0.001). These values did not significantly change in the control group. Conclusion: In general, according to the present results, the endurance weight training can have a significant effect on desire to eat and also fullness felling 9 hours after exercise than interval aerobic running. The latter had only significant reduction on desire to eat 9 hours after exercise. Therefore, the endurance weight training can be considerd as a good exercise for reducing of appetite level and it can be benefit for overweight men.
