نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 کارشناس یارشد فیزیولوژی ورزشی/ دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی/ دانشگاه شهیدبهشتی/ تهران
2 استاد گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی/ دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی/ دانشگاه شهیدبهشتی/ تهران
3 کارشناسی ارشد تربیت بدنی/ گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی/ دانشگاه شهید رجائی/ تهران
4 کارشناسی ارشد تربیت بدنی/ دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی/ دانشگاه آزاد اسامی واحد محلات/ اراک
چکیده
زمینه و هدف: آمادگی جسمانی و شکل و ساختمان بدن، نقش مهمی در موفقیت ورزشکاران دارد، از این رو هدف پژوهش حاضر تعیین نیمرخ آمادگی جسمانی وآنتروپومتریک بازیکنان تیم ملی هاکی روی چمن ایران بود. روش تحقیق: 29 بازیکن حاضر در اردوی تیم ملی ایران با میانگین سنی 61/ 3± 42/ 23 سال، قد 17/ 7± 8/ 176 سانتیمتر و وزن 23/ 8± 62/ 71 کیلوگرم به صورت داوطلبانه در تحقیق شرکت کردند. این افراد از پست های چهارگانه دروازه بان ( 4 نفر)، مدافع ( 10 نفر)، هافبک (10 نفر) و مهاجم ( 5 نفر) بودند. شاخص های آنتروپومتریک شامل وزن، قد، شاخص توده بدن، قد نشسته و طول دست ها با استفاده از روش های استاندارد و شاخص های آمادگی جسمانی با استفاده از آزمون های دوی رفت و برگشت 36 متر، ایلینویز، 20×10 متر، پرش طول جفت، خمش به جلو، 1600 متر، درازونشست و آزمون پرش زیگزاگ مورد سنجش قرار گرفتند. عملیات آماری با استفاده از نرم افزار SPSS20 و EXCEL انجام پذیرفت و نیمرخ آمادگی جسمانی و آنتروپومتریک بازیکنان هر پست تهیه گردید. یافته ها: شاخص توده بدن برای دروازه بان ها، مدافع ها، هافبک ها و مهاجم ها به ترتیب 2/41±23/11 ، 1/60±23/11 ، 1/70±23/21 ، 1±21/71 کیلوگرم/مترمربع، قد نشسته 4/71± 94 ، 11/ 5± 21/ 94 ، 91/ 4± 51/ 93، 3/51±97/21 سانتیمتر، طول دست ها 11/ 6± 23/ 181 ، 63/ 8± 44/ 180 ، 06/ 8± 177/74 ، 65/ 7± 43/ 185 سانتیمتر، سرعت 28/ 0± 29/ 5، 11/ 0± 02/ 5، 22/ 0± 99/ 4، 09/ 0± 11/ 5 ثانیه، چابکی 0/53±15/85 ، 77/ 0± 04/ 17 ، 41/ 0± 2/ 15 ،0/93±15/42 ثانیه، استقامت در سرعت 8/ 0± 37/ 44 ، 66/ 1± 73/ 48 ، 75/ 0± 86/ 43 ، 73/ 0± 59/ 43 ثانیه، توان اندام تحتانی 15/53±240/20 ، 14/13±245/43 ، 16/53±245/33 ، 9/43±249/48 سانتیمتر، انعطاف پذیری، 93 / 5± 36 ، 43/ 5± 58/ 35 ،32/61±7/70 ، 27/42±10/82 سانتیمتر، استقامت قلبی- عروقی 392 ، 357 ، 02 / 0± 342 ، 02 / 0± 368 ثانیه، استقامت عضات ناحیه شکمی 21 / 6± 76 / 63 ، 35 / 4± 78 / 61 ، 59 / 4± 68 / 57 ، 84 / 4± 49 / 56 تعداد و استقامت عضات اندام تحتانی 136/79±10/65 ، 140/32±13/60 ، 142/52±5/50 ، 140/60±10/90 تعداد به دست آمد. نتیجه گیری: شاخص های آنتروپومتریک بازیکنان ایرانی در پست های مختلف بازی از سطح مطلوبی برخوردار است، اما در مورد اکثر شاخص های آمادگی جسمانی ضعف هایی مشاهده می شود.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
The anthropometric and physical fitness profile of Iranian’s national field hockey players in different positions
نویسندگان [English]
- Ali Bakhtiyari 1
- Khosrow Ebrahim 2
- Habib Aghaee 3
- Abolfazl Yousefi 4
1
2
3
4
چکیده [English]
Background and Aim: The physical fitness, form and the anatomy of the athletes have a significant role for their succession; therefore the present research aimed to describe the anthropometric and physical fitness profile of the Iranian’s national field hockey players. Materials and Methods: 29 players in the Iranian’s national team camp took part in the research voluntarily, with average age of 23.42±3.61 yr., height of 176.8±7.17 cm, weight of 71.62±8.32 kg. This group of players were consisted of four different positions; 4 goalkeepers, 10 defenders, 10 midfielders, and 5 strikers. The anthropometric characteristics including weight,
BMI, sitting height, the arms’ length were measured by standard methods. Moreover, the physical fitness factors also were measured by following tests: 36 meters shuttle run, Illinois test, 10 × 20 meter, standing long jump, bending forward, 1600 meters, sit and reach, and Zig Zag jumps test. The statistical analysis was calculated using SPSS v.20 and MS Excel, through which the anthropometric and the physical fitness profile of the players in each position. Results: The BMI of other characteristics of the goalkeepers, defenders,
midfielders, and strikers are as follow respectively; 23.11±2.41 kg/m2, 23.11±1.6 kg/m2, 23.21±1.7 kg/m2, 21.71±1 kg/m2; the sitting height 94±4.71 cm, 94.21±5.11 cm, 93.51±4.91 cm, 97.21±3.51 cm; the arms’ length 181.23±6.11 cm, 180.44±8.63 cm, 177.74±8.06 cm, 185.43±7.65 cm; the speed 5.29±0.28 sec, 5.02±0.11 sec, 4.99±0.22 sec, 5.11±0.09 sec; the agility 15.85±0.53 sec, 17.04±0.77 sec, 15.2±0.41 sec, 15.42±0.93 sec; the speed endurance 44.37±0.8 sec, 48.73±1.66 sec, 43.86±0.75 sec, 43.59±0.73 sec; the lower limb power 240.2±15.53 cm, 245.43±14.13 cm, 245.33±16.53 cm, 249.48±9.43 cm; the flexibility 36±5.93 cm, 35.58±5.43 cm, 32.61±7.70 cm, 27.42±10.82 cm; the cardiovascular endurance 392 sec, 357 sec, 342±0.02 sec, 368±0.02 sec; the abdominal muscles endurance 63.76±6.21 no, 61.78±4.35 no, 57.68±4.59 no 56.49±4.84 no; and the lower limb muscles endurance 136.79±10.65 no, 140.32±13.60 no, 142.52±5.50 no, 140.60±10.90 no. Conclusion: The anthropometric characteristics of the Iranian players holding different positions are at favorable level, although they have weaknesses regarding most of the physical fitness parameters.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- physical fitness
- Talent identification
- Anthropometry
- Field hockey
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