Saeed Ilbeigi; Mohammad reza Ahmadi; Mohsen Mohammadnia Ahmadi; Hadi Moazzeni
Abstract
Background and Aim: Caffeine is a widely used physiological stimulant worldwide that athletes use to increase strength and delay fatigue, which is currently available in the form of energy drinks and dietary supplements. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the effect of fatigue ...
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Background and Aim: Caffeine is a widely used physiological stimulant worldwide that athletes use to increase strength and delay fatigue, which is currently available in the form of energy drinks and dietary supplements. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the effect of fatigue and caffeine supplementation on balance and some physical and skill fitness characteristics of young football players in Sarayan city. Materials and Methods: In this way, 24 football players with an age range of 18 to 25 years, at least four to five years of continuous activity were purposefully selected and randomly divided into experimental and control groups. All participants firstly performed the dynamic balance, explosive power (Sargent jump test), agility (Illinois test), and Moore–Christian shooting & passing performance test. Further, the experimental group received caffeine capsules (six mg/kg/day) and the control group received starch capsules (six mg/kg/day). Moreover, the Bangsbo protocol was performed with 42 of two-minute cycles to create simulated fatigue in football players. After the implementation of the fatigue protocol and similar to the pre-test, all the tests were repeated. The results were extracted using independent and dependent t-test at the significant level of p≤0.05. Results: Muscle fatigue significantly decreasing effect on dynamic balance (p=0.001), vertical jump (p=0.001), shooting skill (p=0.001), but no significantly changes were observed on agility (p=0.39) and passing skill (p=0.11), while caffeine had no effect on these changes. Conclusion: Consumption of six mg per kg of body weight caffeine may not have been effective and therefore, it seems that football players can improve their physical fitness characteristics from higher doses of caffeine instead of lower doses to be more effective. Further studies are needed to reach a definitive conclusion.
Hadi Moazzeni; Saeed Ilbeigi; Marziyeh Saghebjoo; Mohammad Yousefi
Abstract
Background and Aim: Exercising without proper recovery is likely to leave sports-related injuries or cause pain to the athletes. Therefore, the aim of present study was conducted to investigate the effect of six weeks of dedicated football training and various recovery methods on the speed, vertical ...
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Background and Aim: Exercising without proper recovery is likely to leave sports-related injuries or cause pain to the athletes. Therefore, the aim of present study was conducted to investigate the effect of six weeks of dedicated football training and various recovery methods on the speed, vertical jump and muscle damage of football players. Materials and Methods: Thirty six young and elite football players of Birjand city were selected purposefully and randomly divided into 4 groups of passive recovery, active recovery, floating in cold water and massage. Subjects first took a 20-meter back and forth running session to the point of exhaustion and then participated in a 20-minute recovery procedure. After that, they practiced football for 6 weeks, and then they did a session of instrument making, and at the end they participated in one of the 20-minute recovery methods. The lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase (CK) indices were measured by Elisa, velocity by the double-run Bangsbo velocity test, and anaerobic power by the Sargent jump test. The results were extracted using analysis of variance with repeated measures, dependent t-test, and tuky test at the p<0.05 level. Results: Inactive recovery and massage methods following 6 weeks of special football training reduced LDH enzyme (p=0.01 & p=0.04 respectively) and massage recovery method reduced CK enzyme (p=0.001) in participants. On the other hand, cold water recovery improved athletes’ speed (p=0.01), but cold water recovery and massage methods improved vertical jump (p=0.01). Conclusion: The immersion in cold water and active recovery between training sessions accelerates the recovery of physical functions (speed and explosive power) and reduces the indicators of muscle damage (CK & LDH) of football players.
