Evaluation of computerized diet program on selected anthropometric and performance tests in bodybuilder athletes

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Associate Professor, Department of Physical Education & Sport Sciences, University of Mhaghegh Ardabili

2 MSc in Sport Physiology, Department of Physical Education & Sport Sciences, University of Mhaghegh Ardabili

3 Full Professor, Department of Physical Education & Sport Sciences, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili

Abstract

Background and Aim: Body building sport is probably most dependent to balanced and scientific nutrition. Therefore,
the purpose of this study was to design and evaluation of computerized diet programs on the performance and
anthropometric parameters in body builders. Materials and Methods: In a semi-experimental study, seven male
bodybuilder students were selected. One week of their regular diet analyzed by nutritional evaluation and diet therapy
software for energy and nutrients. Then, one week balanced diet was designed with the software according to body
builders’ dietary and exercise requirements (Energy=3000 kcal, 55-65 percent by carbohydrates, 20-25 percent by fat, 18
-20 percent by protein). The effectiveness of the diet was evaluated before and after diet therapy by comparison of
weight, body fat percent, circumferences (waist, hip, arm, thigh and wrist), muscular strength, muscle force, and 24 h
urine urea and creatinine concentrations. Daily diet consumption analysis was done by the software. Subjects had their
regular training exercise during both periods (three sessions of weight training per week). To evaluate the effectiveness
of balanced diet, dependent t-test was implemented and Pearson's regression also was used to find any relation
between parameters (p<0.05). Results: The results of this research showed significant increase in the chest, arm, and
thigh circumferences as well as standing long jump, vertical jump, hand dynamometry, lift dynamometry, one repetition
maximum leg press, curl up, and pull-up chest press and a significant decrease in the body fat percent and chest
circumference has seen found (p<0.05). Furthermore, a significant and positive correlation was found between chest
and arm circumferences (r=0.80) and between chest and thigh circumferences (r=0.87)(p<0.05). Among functional
parameters, hand grip and lift dynamometer (r=0.75), long and vertical jumps (r=0.82) showed positive correlations.
Conclusion: With regard to the results of this research it may conclude that a designed balanced diet in term of energy
and macronutrients when considered individual and sporting requirements as well as appropriate training needs is able
to improve body composition, anthropometric parameters and athletic performance without necessary for supplementation.

Keywords

References

Anderson, S. L., Zager, K., Lyerla, R., Hetzler, R., Nahikian-Nelms, M., & Syler, G. (1995). Comparison of eating disorder
inventory (edi2) scores of male bodybuilders to the male college student subgroup. Journal of the American Dietetic
Association, 95(9), A32.
Bingham, S. A. (2003). Urine nitrogen as a biomarker for the validation of dietary protein intake. The Journal of Nutrition,
133(3), 921S-924S.
Clark, N. (2013). Nancy Clark's sports nutrition guidebook, Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
Corley, G., Demarest-Litchford, M., & Bazzarre, T. L. (1990). Nutrition knowledge and dietary practices of college
coaches. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 90(5), 705-709.
Della Guardia, L., Cavallaro, M., & Cena, H. (2015). The risks of self-made diets: the case of an amateur bodybuilder.
Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 12, 16.
Gaeini, A., & Rajabi, H. (2005). Physical Fitness. Tehran, Iran: Samt. [Persian]
Jackson, C. G. R. (2000). Nutrition and the Strength Athlete. Florida: CRC Press.
Jitomir, J., & Willoughby, D. (2008). Anthrpometric changes of a female bodybuilder on a high-protein, hypocaloric
diet. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 5(1), 1.
Karimian, J., & Esfahani, P. S. (2011). Supplement consumption in body builder athletes. Journal of Research in Medical
Sciences, 16(10), 1347–1353. 
Greenwood, M., Cooke, M.B., Ziegenfuss, T., Kalman, D.S., & Antonio, J. (2015). Nutritional Supplements in Sports and
Exercise. Totowa NJ: Springer, 51-62.
Kerksick, C. M., Rasmussen, C., Lancaster, S., Starks, M., Smith, P., Melton, C. (2007). Impact of differing protein
sources and a creatine containing nutritional formula after 12 weeks of resistance training. Nutrition, 23(9), 647-656.
Lemon, P. W., Tarnopolsky, M. A., MacDougall, J. D., & Atkinson, S. A. (1992). Protein requirements and muscle mass/
strength changes during intensive training in novice bodybuilders. Journal of Applied Physiology, 73(2), 767-775.
Meamarbashi, A. (2011). Design & Manufacturing a Computerized Multifunction Dynamometer. Journal of Sports
Science and Technology, 11(1), 30-32.
White, J. P., Wilson, J. M., Austin, K. G., Greer, B. K., St John, N., & Panton, L. B. (2008). Effect of carbohydrate-protein
supplement timing on acute exercise-induced muscle damage. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 5
(1), 1-7.
White, S. L., & Maloney, S. K. (1990). Promoting healthy diets and active lives to hard-to-reach groups: market
research study. Public Health Reports, 105(3), 224.

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics