Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1 Department of Physical Education, Neyshabour Branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur, Iran
2 Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
Abstract
Background and Aim: Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery improves cardiac perfusion; however, optimal treatment requires a combination of physical activity and a healthy diet to improve lipid profile. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a combined exercise training program on plasma apolipoprotein B (ApoB) levels, lipid profile, and body composition in middle-aged men following CABG. Materials and Methods: In this semi-experimental study, 25 middle-aged men with a mean age of 56.8 ± 3 years and weight of 75 ± 13.7 kg who had undergone CABG surgery four months prior were selected using a purposeful and available sampling method and divided into two groups: exercise (N=14) and control group (N=11). The exercise group performed three sessions of combined aerobic-resistance training per week for eight weeks. Each aerobic training session consisted of treadmill walking and cycling on an ergometer at an intensity of 55 to 80% of maximum heart rate. Resistance training consisted of three sets of exercises: ball squats, shoulder and hip flexion and extension, and elbow flexion and ankle dorsiflexion and plantar flexion with light to moderate resistance. The control group did not engage in any exercise training. Before and after the intervention, the anthropometric measurements and body composition of the subjects and plasma levels of ApoB, LDL, and HDL were measured. The results were then analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA with a significance level of p > 0.05. Findings: Combined training resulted in a significant decrease in body weight, fat mass, body mass index, plasma ApoB levels, TC, LDL/HDL ratio, and atherogenic index [(TC - HDL) / HDL]; and a significant increase in HDL. Conclusion: Eight weeks of combined exercise training, through weight reduction, body fat mass, atherogenic index, and improved lipid profile, can be effective in preventing the risk of re-infarction.
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