Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1 Phd student of exercise physiology, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran.
2 Professor of exercise Physiology Department, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran.
3 Associate Professor of Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran.
4 Associate Professor of exercise Physiology Department, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran.
Abstract
Background and aim: Methamphetamine abuse causes myocardial infarction, stroke, and cardiomyopathy, which is directly related to vascular dysfunction, which sometimes causes the death of users. This study aimed to investigate the effect of combined training (CT) on the expression of Bax and VEGF indices in the cardiac of male rats following chronic methamphetamine use. Materials and Methods: 30 rats weighing 200-210 g were randomly divided into three groups: control, sham (addict), and addict+combined training (ACT). To create dependence, methamphetamine was injected intraperitoneally in increasing doses to the sham and ACT. CT consisted of 6 weeks of running on the treadmill (3 days) and resistance training (3 days) with moderate intensity. After this period, the rats were dissected according to the ethical standards of laboratory animals, and their hearts were removed. 4 hearts from each group were assigned to immunohistochemistry and 6 hearts to gene expression. The immunohistochemical technique was used to investigate Bax and the RT-PCR method was used to investigate VEGF. The research data were analyzed by ANOVA, Bonferroni post hoc test, and SPSS version 26 software. the significance level was considered P< 0.01. Results: In the sham, compared to the control group, the expression of Bax increased significantly and the expression of VEGF decreased significantly. In the ACT, the expression of Bax was significantly decreased compared to the sham, and the expression of VEGF was significantly increased compared to the sham and control groups. Conclusion: The increase in Bax expression and the decrease in VEGF expression indicates an increase in apoptosis, and methamphetamine abuse increased this process, but CT inhibited the apoptosis through the down-regulation of Bax and up-regulation of VEGF.
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