Abdollah Hosseinlou; Roghayeh Pouzesh Jadidi; Karim Azali Alamdari; Jabbar Bashiri; Mir Ali Reza Nourazar
Abstract
Background and Aim: Little is known about the concomitant effects of high intensity interval training (HIIT) and curcumin on arsenic toxicity in the brain. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of HIIT and curcumin supplementation on cerebral malondialdehyde (MDA), nitrite, homocysteine ...
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Background and Aim: Little is known about the concomitant effects of high intensity interval training (HIIT) and curcumin on arsenic toxicity in the brain. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of HIIT and curcumin supplementation on cerebral malondialdehyde (MDA), nitrite, homocysteine and also expression of caspase3, caspae-8 and caspase-9 protein in rats exposed to arsenic. Material and Methods: In this experimental study, 48 male rats were randomly divided into six groups: arsenic+training, arsenic+curcumin, arsenic+training+curcumin (concomitant), arsenic, ethanol-control and normal-control. Arsenic five mg/kg/day and curcumin 15 mg/kg/day were consumed orally (gavaged) for six weeks. HIIT were conducted for six weeks (five sessions/week, each session lasted 60 min) consisted of four min running bouts at 85-90% of vVO2max with two min recovery intervals at 50-60% of vVO2max. Elisa, Western blot and also TBARS as well as Grace reaction methods were used to quantify cerebral homocysteine, caspase expression, MDA and nitrite levels respectively. Data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance and Tukey post hoc tests at the p<0.05 level. Results: Arsenic exposure significantly elevated brain caspase-3, -8 and -9 expression, as well as MDA and homocysteine levels (p<0.05). All of three interventions including HIIT, curcumin and their concomitance obviated arsenic induced cerebral MDA elevation compared to normal control group (p<0.05), however; it could not fully corrected homocysteine levels (p>0.05). Caspae-8 and -9 protein expression levels were restored to normal control group level, just in concomitant group (p<0.05). Conclusion: Arsenic exposure leads to an increased rat cerebral homocysteine, lipid peroxidation as well as intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways activation. While HIIT, curcumin and their concomitance prevented arsenic induced cerebral lipid peroxidation, only with curcumin supplementation remarkable benefits were observed for rest of variables. Further, only in the concomitant group, the arsenic induced elevations in the activity of both the intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways were fully prevented. However, more researches should to be done because of the study limitations and lack of similar evidence in human population.
Karim Azali Alamdari
Abstract
Background and Aim: Intracellular adhesion molecules 1 (ICAM-1) is more precise than other inflammatory indices e.g. C reactive protein (CRP) in predicting the future cardiovascular diseases. However, the roles of different types of exercise training on serum ICAM-1 level and also body inflammatory and ...
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Background and Aim: Intracellular adhesion molecules 1 (ICAM-1) is more precise than other inflammatory indices e.g. C reactive protein (CRP) in predicting the future cardiovascular diseases. However, the roles of different types of exercise training on serum ICAM-1 level and also body inflammatory and metabolic states are not fully elucidated in patient with metabolic syndrome (Mets). Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the effects of 8 weeks of high intensity interval and moderate intensity continuous training on serum ICAM-1, CRP and cardiometabolic risk factors in middle-aged men. Materials and Methods: thirty-four male patient with Mets were randomly divided into three groups including high intensity interval training (n=12), moderate-intensity continuous training (n=12) and Control (n=10). The fasting blood sampling and some other variable measurements were measured at baseline and also after (at 9 am) eight weeks of continuous (at 60-70% of RHR) and interval l (at 70-75% of RHR) training protocols (3 running sessions/week). Blood glucose and lipids were measured using ParsAzmoon company enzymatic kits and serum ICAM-1 and CRP levels also detected with Cusabio company ELIZA kits. Data were analyzed using one way ANOVA and paired samples T tests at 95% Statistical significance level. Results: Both the continuous and interval training protocols decreased blood ICAM-1 (p=0.001, p=0.02), CRP (p=0.001, p=0.02), triglyceride (p=0.001, p=0.001), fasting blood sugar (p=0.001, p=0.001), waist circumference (p=0.001, p=0.04), overall Mets z score (p=0.001, p=0.001) and HOMA-IR (p=0.03, p=0.008) respectively, while HDL was significantly increased (p=0.001, p=0.01). However, with regard to HDL (p=0.005), waist circumference (p=0.001) and Mets Z score (p=0.001), moderate-intensity continuous training showed significantly more effectiveness than high intensity interval training. Conclusion: In spite of the equal effectiveness of both training protocols upon serum ICAM-1 and CRP, continuous training had more pronounced effects on waist circumference, blood HDL and overall severity of Mets which makes this protocol a better candidate to be prescribed for patients with Mets.
