Sepideh Poursadeghi; Majid Kashef; Fereshteh Shahidi
Abstract
Background and Aim: The cardiovascular disease is due to the some disorders in the cell death as the form of abnormal increased or decreased. Exercise is a strong physiological stimulus that directly or indirectly affects the process of apoptosis by means of a number of extracellular and intracellular ...
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Background and Aim: The cardiovascular disease is due to the some disorders in the cell death as the form of abnormal increased or decreased. Exercise is a strong physiological stimulus that directly or indirectly affects the process of apoptosis by means of a number of extracellular and intracellular signaling pathways. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of aerobic exercise in water on the genes expression of Apaf-1, cytochrome C and caspase-9 in heart tissue of rats which were injected with hydrogen peroxide. Materials and Methods: Twenty four male Wistar rats with an approximate weight of 190±10 grams were randomly divided into four groups including hydrogen peroxide, hydrogen peroxide+training, sham and control groups. The aerobic exercise protocol were performed with duration of 60 minutes in each session, six weeks and five days per week in water. All groups, except the control and sham groups, were injected intraperitoneally with one mill mole of hydrogen peroxide. Forty eight hours after the last training session with 10 to 12 hours of fasting, the rats were anesthetized with CO2 gas and their tissues were dissected. In order to measure genes expression using the Real Time-PCR method, one-way analysis of variance and Scheffe’s post hoc tests were applied for data analysis at significance level of p≤0.05. Results: The results indicated that intraperitoneal injection of hydrogen peroxide increased the genes expression of the internal apoptotic pathway compared to the sham and control groups (p=0.0001); while by adding six weeks of aerobic exercise in water, genes expression of Apaf-1, cytochrome C, and caspase-9 in the hydrogen peroxide+training group was significantly decreased compared to the hydrogen peroxide group (p=0001). Conclusion: It appears that aerobic exercise in water reduces the undesirable effects of apoptosis of heart tissue, less cytopathic and ultimately, it causes health of the body.
Niloofar Rezaee; Farhad Rahmani-Nia; Maryam Delfan; Reza Ghahremani
Abstract
Background and Aim: Hyperglycemia occurring in the diabetic condition can cause apoptosis via the mitochondrial pathway with higher cell death protein expression. Probiotics are viable microorganisms which confer health benefits to the host and have anti-diabetic and antioxidant effects. Also, there ...
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Background and Aim: Hyperglycemia occurring in the diabetic condition can cause apoptosis via the mitochondrial pathway with higher cell death protein expression. Probiotics are viable microorganisms which confer health benefits to the host and have anti-diabetic and antioxidant effects. Also, there are some evidences that exercise may affect the signaling pathways of skeletal muscle apoptosis. The aim of this study was to examine the aerobic exercise training and probiotic supplementation effects on blood glucose levels and caspase-3 gene expression of the soleus muscle in diabetic rats-induced by streptozotocin. Materials and Methods: 40male Wistar rats (weight: 250-270 gr; age: eight weeks) were selected and divided into five groups: control+normal (N), control+diabetic (CD), diabetic+probiotics (SCD), diabetic+aerobic training (TD), and TD+probiotics (STD). Rats were made diabetic using streptozotocin (45 mg/kg). The rats in the training groups aerobically exercised using a treadmill at intensity of 60-65% of maximum speed for five weeks and five days per week and received probiotics (2 gr) in drinking tap water (supplemented groups). 48 hours after the last training session, the animals were sacrificed, then the soleus muscle was dissected to evaluate the gene expression of caspase-3 (using the Real Time PCR) and plasma glucose (by the glucose oxidase method). T-test, one-way ANOVA and Scheffe’s post hoc tests were applied for statistical analysis at significance level of p≤0.05. Results: The results indicated that fasting blood sugar was significantly lower in the TD+probiotics group compared to the other groups (p=0.008). On the other hand, gene expression of caspase-3 was a significantly decreased in diabetic+aerobic training and TD+probiotics (p=0.01) groups. Conclusion: It appears that aerobic exercise training with the use of probiotics prevents apoptosis in the muscle with the down-regulation of blood glucose.
Nooshin Salehi aghdam; Rogayeh pouzesh jadidi; Karim Azali Alamdari; Jabbar Bashiri; Mir Ali Reza Nourazar
Abstract
Background and Aim: Arsenic exposure could likely lead to hepatic apoptosis and metabolic disturbances and high intensity interval training (HIIT) as well as curcumin supplementation seems to improve this condition. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of HIIT and curcumin supplementation ...
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Background and Aim: Arsenic exposure could likely lead to hepatic apoptosis and metabolic disturbances and high intensity interval training (HIIT) as well as curcumin supplementation seems to improve this condition. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of HIIT and curcumin supplementation on hepatic nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) and caspase-3 as well as blood total antioxidant capacity (TAC), glucose, triglyceride (TG), and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) in rats exposed to arsenic. Materials and Methods: During the experimental study, 48 male rats were randomized into six groups of arsenic-HIIT (HIIT), arsenic-curcumin (curcumin), arsenic-HIIT-curcumin (concomitant), arsenic, ethanol control, and normal control. Arsenic and curcumin (5 and 15 mg/bw/day respectively) were consumed by gavage method. HIIT performed six weeks, five d/w, 60 min/session, consisted of running bouts (four min) at 85-90% of vVo2max with two min active rest intervals. The data were measured using colorimetry and Wester blotting and were analyzed by one-way ANOVA at the p<0.05. Results: Hepatic caspase-3 as well as blood glucose and TG were significantly higher, and blood TAC and HDL levels were lower in arsenic group compared to normal control (p=0.001 under any circumstances). However, blood HDL, glucose and TAC in all three groups of HIIT, curcumin and concomitant as well as liver caspase-3 just in concomitant group had not significant difference as compared to control group (p>0.05). Additionally, hepatic NRF2 were elevated to levels even higher than control group in curcumin and concomitantc groups (p=0.001). Conclusion: Although the up-regulated blood TG-induced by arsenic could not restore with HIIT, curcumin or concomitant interventions, however, three interventions efficiently restore the elevated blood glucose and also the lowered HDL and TAC. Moreover, increased hepatic caspase-3 was only corrected with concomitant intervention, while only curcumin could restore the lowered levels of hepatic NRF2 induced by arsenic.
Somayeh Ramezani; Maghsoud Peeri; Mohammad Ali Azarbaijani; Firoozeh Dehghan
Abstract
Background and Aim: Exercise is a strong physiological stimulus that can affect the lung apoptosis by in fluencing a number of extracellular and intracellular signaling pathways, directly or indirectly. This study was designed to determine the effects of aerobic exercise training alongside vitamin D ...
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Background and Aim: Exercise is a strong physiological stimulus that can affect the lung apoptosis by in fluencing a number of extracellular and intracellular signaling pathways, directly or indirectly. This study was designed to determine the effects of aerobic exercise training alongside vitamin D supplementation on the expression of apoptosis genes BCL2, BAX, Caspase3 and BCL2/BAX ratio on lung cell apoptosis in male rats exposed to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Materials and Methods: Fourty eight male rats were randomly assigned into 6 groups (n=8) including control, hydrogen peroxide (2H), hydrogen peroxide + vitamin D(2HD), hydrogen peroxide + aerobic exercise (2HE), hydrogen peroxide + vitamin D + aerobic exercise (2HDE), and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) groups. For the purpose of inducing apoptosis, 2 mmol/kg of H2O2 was injected three times per week one hour prior to the exercise session. The rats were slaughtered 24 hours following the termination of the exercise sessions and the lung tissue was exposed and stored at -75°C. Then, the RT-PCR method was employed to examine the gene expressions of BAX, BCL2, Caspase3 and BCL2/BAX ratios. It is applied one and two- way analysis of variance and Thuky tests for analysis of data at the significant level of p < 0.05. Results: BCL2 expression in the 2HE group (p=0.004) and 2HD (p=0.006) increased significantly compared to the control group. While the expression of BAX, BCL2/BAX ratio, Caspase3 in the 2HE and 2HD significantly (p < 0.05) was lower than the control group. On the other hand, 2HDE had a decline effect on BAX gene expression (p=0.03) and BCL2/BAX ratio (p=0.04), but did not show significant effect on expression of BCL2 and Caspase3 gene ( p>0.05). Conclusion: It seems that that one course of regular aerobic exercise in addition to consuming vitamin D might is likely to cause significant alteration on the expression of genes involved in apoptosis caused by H2O2 presence can be used as a complementary therapy along with other treatments for apoptosis in lung tissue.
Zeenat Ebrahimi; Parivash Piraki; Mohammad Reza Ramezanpour; Mozafar Yektayar
Abstract
Background and Aim: Apoptosis is extremely important to regulate the immune system, particularly lymphocytes or reduce the risk of starting a devastating response؛ therefore; the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of exhaustive exercise after eight-week resistance exercise on lymphocyte ...
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Background and Aim: Apoptosis is extremely important to regulate the immune system, particularly lymphocytes or reduce the risk of starting a devastating response؛ therefore; the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of exhaustive exercise after eight-week resistance exercise on lymphocyte apoptosis in inactive women. Materials and Methods: 24 healthy inactive women were randomly divided into experimental and control groups with average 21.7 ± 0.9 and 20.58 ±0.9 ages respectively. The experimental group completed eight-week resistance training. Moreover, one exhaustive exercise session was performed for both groups. Blood samples were collected immediately before and after training period, after exhaustiveexercise, and 24 hours later. Statistical analyzing between groups was analyzed by one-way ANOVA, and changes within groups were measured by ANOVA with repeated measures (p>0.05). Results: Significant differences were observed between two groups in lymphocytes apoptosis. Apoptosis increased significantly after an exhaustive exercise in control group (p=0.001), and also, after 24 hours of activity was still high (p=0.496). Lymphocyte apoptosis was significantly differed after eight-week of practice in experimental group (p=0.000). However, these changes were not significant after one session of exhausting exercise, After 24 hours of activity, and it lead to apoptosis decrease significantly in experimental group, although, control group was not showed a significant reduction (p=0.020). Conclusion: resistance training had positive effect on the ability of immune system in order to face intensive exercise. It is possible that resistance exercise may have beneficial effect on cell apoptosis and it could improve public health.
